Spontaneous Hemocholecyst in an End-Stage Renal Failure Patient on Low Molecular Weight Heparin Hemodialysis

Table 1

Causes of hemocholecyst reported in PubMed using hemocholecyst, hemobilia, and hemorrhagic cholecystitis as search terms.

Primary hemocholecyst		Bleeding diathesis
		Renal disease
		Critical illness
Secondary hemocholecyst	Intraluminal	Gallstone, parasites
	Intramural	Inflammatory process	Cholecystitis
		Neoplasms
		Primary	GB cancer, polyps, hemangiomas, heterotopic gastric tissue
		Secondary	Gastric, hepatic, and pancreatic cancer, melanoma
		Traumatic	Iatrogenic, accidental
		Vascular	HSP, SLE
			GB varices
	Extrinsic	Duodenal ulcer
		Aneurysmal disease
		Idiopathic
		Abdominal trauma
		Inflammatory	Cholecystitis, hepatic abscess
		Arteritis	PAN, HPS, SLE,
		Connective tissue defect	MCTD, Marfan syndrome

*HSP: Henoch-Schönlein purpura, SLE: systemic lupus erythematosus, GB: gallbladder, PAN: polyarteritis nodosa, and MCTD: mixed connective tissue disease.