Strongyloides stercoralis and Organ Transplantation

Table 3

Source	Allograft	Time from transplant	Demographic risk factor	Presenting feature	Diagnostic test	Treatment	Outcome
Said et al. [14]	Kidney	48 days	Cadaveric donor from South Asia	SHS	BAL examination	Oral and rectal albendazole/ivermectin	Death
	Kidney	90 days	Cadaveric donor from South Asia	SHS	BAL examination	Oral and rectal albendazole/ivermectin	Death
	Kidney	92 days		SHS	BAL examination	Oral and rectal albendazole/ivermectin	Death
Huston et al. [15]	Kidney	90 days	Cadaveric donor from Puerto Rico	Fever and respiratory distress	BAL examination	Oral and rectal albendazole/ivermectin; Trial of veterinary ivermectin (after case-specific FDA approval) × 3 doses	Successful treatment
Hoy et al. [16]	Kidney; Kidney	33 days; 64 days	None	Diarrhea and fever; Cough and fever	Stool analysis; Urine analysis	Thiabendazole × 5 d; Thiabendazole × 5 d	Death; Successful treatment
Patel et al. [17]	Intestine	9 months	Donor from Honduras	Nausea/vomiting and abdominal discomfort; Fevers	Small bowel and colon endoscopic biopsy; BAL examination	Oral ivermectin/thiabendazole and rectal ivermectin × 10 d	Successful treatment initially but died later during the same hospitalization due to acinetobacter bacteremia
Ben-Youssef et al. [18]	Pancreas	49 days	Donor was immigrant to the USA	Hematuria and epigastric pain	Duodenal biopsy	Oral thiabendazole/ivermectin × 7 d	Successful treatment
Brügemann et al. [12]	Heart	6 weeks	Donor from Surinam	Abdominal pain and rash	Skin biopsy	Oral ivermectin × 15 d; Oral albendazole × 10 d	Successful treatment
Rodriguez-; Hernandez et al. [19]	Liver	2.5 months	Donor from Ecuador	Anorexia and diarrhea	Sputum and stool sample examination	Oral albendazole/ivermectin × 2 weeks, then ivermectin only × 2 weeks, followed by intermittent ivermectin secondary prophylaxis	Successful treatment

SHS: Strongyloides hyperinfection syndrome.
BAL: bronchoalveolar lavage.