Renal Mucormycosis: A Rare and Potentially Lethal Complication of Kidney Transplantation

Table 1

Cases of renal mucormycosis following kidney transplantation.

Case report	R/D age	R/D sex	Donor type	Donor cause of death	Recipient disease	Time to transplant nephrectomy (PT)	Induction agent	Systemic therapy	Geographic location	Speciation	Outcome (PT)
S. Kuy et al.	36/43	M/F	SCD	Intracranial hemorrhage	Hemolytic uremic syndrome	11 days	Thymoglobulin, Solu Medrol	Amphotericin B	US	Rhizomucor	Survived
S. Kuy et al.	54/61	M/F	DCD ECD	Stroke	Diabetes mellitus, hypertension	13 months	Thymoglobulin, Solu Medrol	Amphotericin B	US	Rhizomucor	Survived
Alexander et al. [9]	61/17	M/F	DCD	MVC, drowning	—	9 days	Thymoglobulin, Solu Medrol	Amphotericin B	US	Apophysomyces elegans	Died; (12 days)
Alexander et al. [9]	31/17	F/F	DCD	MVC, drowning	—	10 days	Thymoglobulin, Solu Medrol	Amphotericin B	US	Apophysomyces elegans	Survived
Mitwalli et al. [10]	18/—	F/—	LURD	—	Polycystic kidney disease	1 month	—	Amphotericin B	India	—	Survived
Nampoory et al. [11]	59/—	F/—	LURD	—	—	1 month	—	—	Kuwait	—	Died; (3 months)
Stas et al. [12]	51/—	M/—	LURD	—	Henoch-Schonlein nephritis	2.5 months	—	—	India	Absidia corymbifera	Survived
Chkhotua et al. [13]	42/—	M/—	LURD	—	Glomerulonephritis	1.5 months	—	—	Egypt	Mucorales	Died; (1.5 months)
Nalmas et al. [14]	62	M/—	LURD	—	—	3 weeks	—	—	Pakistan	Mucor species	Survived
Armaly et al. [15]	42/—	M/—	LURD	—	Poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis	1 month	—	—	Egypt	—	Died; (1.5 months)
Armaly et al. [15]	52/—	F/—	LURD	—	Diabetes mellitus	1 month	—	—	Egypt	—	Survived
Godara et al. [16]	42/—	M/—	—	—	—	1 month		Amphotericin B	India	—	Died; (1 month)
Sajiv et al. [17]	14/—	M/—	—	—	Congenital UPJ obstruction	3 months	Methylprednisolone, OKT3	Amphotericin B, Fluconazole	India	Mucor species	Died; (few days)
Tayyebi et al. [18]	31/—	M/—	DCD	—	UPJ obstruction	2 months	—	—	Iran	Mucor species	Survived
Tayyebi et al. [18]	58/—	F/—	LURD	—	Polycystic kidney disease	9 months	—	—	Iran	Mucor species	Survived
Tomazic et al. [19]	56/28	M/M	LURD	—	—	2 months	Tacrolimus and Methylprednisolone	—	India	Mucor species	Died; (2 months)
Minz et al. [20]	52/—	M/—	LURD	—	Chronic glomerulonephritis	8 days	Cyclosporin, azathioprine, prednisolone, Basiliximab	—	India	Mucor species	Died; (8 days)
Ahmad [21]	49/—	M/M	LRRD	LRRD	Chronic glomerulonephritis	18 months	Cyclosporine, Prednisone, methylprednisolone, ATG	—	India	Mucor species	Died

R: recipient; D: donor; M: male, F: female; —: no data available; PT: after transplant; SCD: standard criteria donor; ECD: extended criteria donor, DCD: donor after cardiac death; LURD: living unrelated donor; MVC: motor vehicle crash; yrs: years old; UPJ: ureteropelvic junction; US: United States; ATG: antithymocyte globulin.