Mortality Related Risk Factors in High-Risk Pulmonary Embolism in the ICU

Table 1

Patient characteristics of study cohort ().

Age (years)	70.5 (61.3–77.8)
Male gender	26 (46.4)
Active smoking	4 (7.1)
APACHE II score	18.0 (16.0–21.0)
PESI score	133.5 (104.5–163.5)
Comorbidities
Hypertension	29 (51.8)
Diabetes mellitus	15 (26.8)
Arrhythmia	10 (17.9)
Alzheimer’s disease/dementia	9 (16.1)
Congestive heart failure	8 (14.3)
Coronary artery disease	8 (14.3)
Stroke	8 (14.3)
COPD	4 (7.1)
Major symptoms on admission
Dyspnea	54 (96.4)
Pleuritic chest pain	33 (58.9)
Palpitation	28 (50.0)
Confusion	14 (25.0)
Syncope	12 (21.4)
Fever	10 (17.9)
Cough	10 (17.9)
Hemoptysis	3 (5.4)
Electrocardiography findings
Sinus tachycardia	35 (62.5)
New RBBB	12 (21.4)
RV strain	25 (44.6)
S1Q3T3 pattern	19 (33.9)
Echocardiography findings
PA pressure (mmHg)	50.0 (45.0–60.0)
RV dysfunction	45 (80.4)
LV ejection fraction (%)	55.0 (55.0–60.0)
Computer tomography pulmonary angiography findings
Central PE	46 (82.1)
Lobar PE	10 (17.9)
Vessel diameter (mm)
Main PA	29.8 (27.2–32.9)
Right PA	22.2 (20.1–26.1)
Left PA	23.7 (21.7–26.8)
Other findings
Pleural effusion	21 (37.5)
Atelectasis	20 (35.7)
Ground glass appearance	16 (28.6)
Infarct	16 (28.6)
Reticular shadows	15 (26.8)
Consolidation	13 (23.2)
Compression ultrasonography for lower extremities (available in 39 patients)
Acute thrombosis	10 (19.2)
Chronic thrombosis	22 (42.3)

All values are expressed as numbers (percentages) or median (interquartile range).
APACHE: acute physiology and chronic health evaluation; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, ECG: electrocardiography; ICU: intensive care unit; LV: left ventricle; PA: pulmonary artery; PE: pulmonary embolism; PESI: pulmonary emboli severity index; RBBB: right bundle branch block; RV: right ventricle.