Metabolomics in COPD Acute Respiratory Failure Requiring Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation

Figure 2

PLS-DA score plots (a) and loading plots (b) of urine samples drawn from patients with stable COPD (blue), AECOPD (red), CHF (black), or PNA (green). Each circle represents a urine sample. Some separation between the groups can be seen. The loading plot shows how the profiled metabolites contribute to the separation seen in the scores. The model is statistically significant (), but the fit is moderate at best (R² = 0.419) with moderate predictive value (Q² = 0.142). Taken with the rest of the results, our interpretation is that the separation is likely due to the presence of respiratory failure.

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