Review Article

The Tsim Tsoum Approaches for Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease

Table 6

Dietary guidelines and desirable level of risk factors for populations.

FactorsDesirable Values

Energy (k calories/day)1900–2300
Total Carbohydrate (k calories/day)65.0
Complex Carbohydrate (k calories/day)55.0
Total Fat (k calories/day)21.0
Saturated Fatty Acids (k calories/day) 7.0
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (k calories/day) 7.0
Polyunsaturated/Saturated Fat Ratio 1.0
-6/ -3 Fatty Acid Ratio1 : 1
Dietary Cholesterol (mg/day)100
Whole Grains (wheat, rice, corn, and legumes) (g/day)400–500
Fruit, vegetables, and nuts (g/day)400–500
Salt (g/day) 6.0
Brisk Walking (km/day) 9.0
Meditation/pranayam (minutes/day)30.0

Body Mass Index (kg/m2)
 Range19.0–23.0
 Average21.0

Waist-Hip Girth Ratio
 Male 0.88
 Female 0.85

Serum Total Cholesterol (mg/dL) (4.42 mmol/L) 170
Mild Hypercholesterolemia (mg/dL) (4.42–5.20 mmol/L)170–200
Hypercholesterolemia (mg/dL) ( 5.20 mmol/L) 200
Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (mg/dL) (2.32 mmol/L) 90
 Borderline High (mg/dL) (2.32–2.84 mmol/L)90–110
 High (mg/dL) (2.84 mmol/L) 110
Triglycerides (mg/dL) (1.7 mmol/L) 150
High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (mg/dL) (0.9 mmol/L) 40 men, 50 women
Blood Pressure (mmHg) 135/88
Drug therapy in view of high risk of diabetes and CAD.Amblodipine, ACE-I, receptor blockers and new beta-blockers? Fish oil, aspirin, and statins

Modified from Indian Consensus Group, J Nutr Environ Med, 1996.