Effect of Preoperative Atrial Fibrillation on Postoperative Outcome following Cardiac Surgery
Table 1
Preoperative variables among sinus rhythm and atrial fibrillation patients ().
Variable
Atrial fibrillation ()
Normal rhythm ()
-value
Age (years)
Mean ± SD
<0.001
Gender
Female
126 (31%)
808 (24%)
0.004
Euro SCORE (additive)
Mean ± SD
<0.001
Angina class (CCS)
CCS 3-4
179 (43%)
1777 (53%)
<0.001
NYHA score
Moderate-severe
277 (67%)
1344 (40%)
<0.001
Congestive cardiac failure
203 (49%)
469 (14%)
<0.001
Number of previous MI
None
294 (71%)
2032 (60%)
<0.001
One
92 (22%)
1103 (33%)
Two or more
27 (7%)
229 (7%)
Interval of MI to surgery
None
294 (71%)
2032 (60%)
<0.001
<90 days
62 (15%)
591 (18%)
>90 days
57 (14%)
741 (22%)
Diabetes mellitus
76 (18%)
601 (18%)
0.789
Hypercholeterolemia
210 (51%)
2359 (70%)
<0.001
Hypertension
228 (55%)
1816 (54%)
0.638
Smoking status
Current smoker
42 (10%)
532 (16%)
0.007
Former smoker
226 (55%)
1787 (53%)
None smoker
145 (35%)
1045 (31%)
Renal failure
51 (12%)
172 (5%)
<0.001
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
65 (16%)
295 (9%)
<0.001
Cerebrovascular accident
36 (9%)
175 (5%)
0.003
Peripheral vascular disease
63 (15%)
541 (16%)
0.665
Extracardiac arteriopathy
24 (6%)
189 (6%)
0.873
Extent coronary artery disease
Single/double vessel
101 (24%)
770 (23%)
Triple vessel
159 (39%)
2140 (64%)
<0.001
None
153 (37%)
454 (13%)
Left main stem disease
67 (16%)
823 (24%)
<0.001
Ejection fraction
<50%
209 (51%)
1198 (36%)
<0.001
>50%
204 (49%)
2166 (64%)
Intra-aortic balloon pump
7 (2%)
34 (1%)
0.206
Operative priority
Elective/urgent
394 (95%)
3252 (97%)
Emergency/salvage
19 (5%)
112 (3%)
0.183
Cardiac procedure
CABG
140 (34%)
2624 (78%)
CABG + valve
102 (25%)
263 (8%)
<0.001
Valve
171 (41%)
477 (14%)
BMI (kg/m2)
Mean ± SD
0.003
Cardiopulmonary bypass time (min)
Mean ± SD
<0.001
Cross-clamp time (min)
Mean ± SD
<0.001
BMI: body mass index. CABG: coronary artery bypass graft. CCS: canadian cardiovascular society. MI: myocardial infarction. NYHA: New York heart association.
