Research Article
The Additive Effects of Type-2 Diabetes on Cognitive Function in Older Adults with Heart Failure
Table 3
-score means and standard deviations of cognitive test performance for heart failure patients with and without type-2 diabetes mellitus.
| | | Cognitive domains | | | | Attention | Executive function | Memory | Language | | Motor |
| | HF w/T2DM () | 44.57 (9.64) | 43.81 (13.24) | 45.31 (9.15) | 50.03 (13.22) | | 31.87 (14.89) | | HF w/o T2DM () | 50.45 (8.99) | 49.26 (9.67) | 46.20 (9.80) | 52.53 (9.82) | | 39.61 (13.07) | | F | 9.29** | 4.69* | .23 | .28 | | 7.30** |
| | | Performance on neuropsychological tests of attention, executive function, and motor | | | | TMTA | Digit | TMTB | LNS | PegsD | PegsND |
| | HF w/T2DM () | 45.60 (13.45) | 43.54 (8.23) | 38.17 (20.31) | 49.45 (8.39) | 29.51 (18.54) | 34.23 (12.51) | | HF w/o T2DM () | 51.17 (10.70) | 49.72 (9.19) | 47.16 (13.49) | 51.38 (9.40) | 38.56 (15.76) | 40.67 (11.83) | | F | 4.53* | 11.29Ψ | 6.63Ψ | .28 | 6.34Ψ | 6.68Ψ |
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Note. *= ; **= ; Ψ= .
Abbreviations: HF w/T2DM: heart failure with type-2 diabetes mellitus; HF w/o T2DM: heat failure without type-2 diabetes mellitus; TMTA: trail making test A; digit: digit symbol coding; TMTBL: trail making test B; LNS: letter number sequencing; PegsD: grooved pegboard dominant hand; PegND: grooved pegboard nondominant hand.
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