Gender Differences in the Influence of Social Support on One-Year Changes in Functional Status in Older Patients with Heart Failure

Table 6

Influence of social support on decline in KCCQ PL score.

	Missing data excluded		Missing data included
	𝑛	OR (95% CI)	𝑛	OR (95% CI)
Emotional/ informational	269		428
Overall		1.00 (.99,1.01)		.99 (.98,1.00)
Female specific		1.08 (.78,1.50)		.91 (.71,1.16)
Male specific		.83 (.66,1.05)		.78 (.65,.98)
Sex interaction^†		1.28 (.86,1.90)		1.14 (.83,1.57)
Tangible	269		428
Overall		1.00 (.99,1.01)		.99 (.99,1.00)
Female specific		0.99 (.75,1.31)		.95 (.77,1.18)
Male specific		0.95 (.73,1.23)		.82 (.67,1.00)
Sex interaction^†		1.03 (.71,1.51)		1.16 (.87,1.56)
Affectionate	265		426
Overall		0.99 (.99,1.00)		1.00 (.99,1.01)
Female specific		1.00 (.73,1.37)		1.08 (.85,1.37)
Male specific		.75 (.59, .96)		.80 (.66, .97)
Sex interaction^†		1.31 (.88,1.95)		1.34 (.99,1.82)
Positive social interaction	260		418
Overall		.99 (.99,1.00)		.99 (.99,1.00)
Female specific		.99 (.75,1.29)		.98 (.79,1.21)
Male specific		.82 (.73,1.10)		.79 (.66,.94)
Sex interaction^†		1.20 (.85,1.70)		1.24 (.94,1.64)
Overall	271		432
Overall		1.00 (.99,1.01)		.99 (.98,.99)
Female specific		.97 (.69,1.37)		.96 (.74,1.25)
Male specific		.87 (.67,1.12)		.74 (.59,.92)
Sex interaction^†		1.11 (.73,1.71)		1.30 (.92,1.84)

^*OR (95% CI): odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals estimated by multiple logistic regression adjusting for age and sex.Each social support domain is modelled separately.The ORs estimate the multiplicative increase in the odds of a MCID decline in PL per 20-point increase in the social support score.An OR < 1 indicates a protective effect of social support.ORs statistically significant at 𝑃<.05 are in bold font.
^†The sex interaction is the female specific OR divided by the male-specific OR. An interaction OR > 1 indicates a greater protective effect of social support for males than females.