The Diabetic Heart: Too Sweet for Its Own Good?

Table 2

Studies indicating the diabetic heart is less sensitive to ischemic injury compared to normoglycaemic controls.

Study	Model	Ischemic Protocol	Duration/onset of diabetes	Substrates	Model of diabetes	End points
Hadour et al. (1998) [48]	Rabbit, alloxan (100 mg/kg)	In vivo nonrecovery, 30 min regional ischemia/3 hr reperfusion	2 months	In vivo substrates	Type I diabetes	Infarction
Schaffer et al. (2000) [49]	Rat, neonatal cardiomyocytes	10 mM deoxyglucose and and 3 mM amobarbital medium for 1 hr, OR hypoxic chamber: 2.3% O2–5% CO2-balance N2 for 1 hr	3-day incubation with 25 mM glucose in medium	—	Type I diabetes	Infarction
Oliveria et al. (2001) [50]	Goto Kakizaki Rat, male, isolated cardiomyocyte mitochondria	—	In-bred strain	—	Type II diabetes	Cell death and mPTP
Nawata et al. (2002) [51]	Rat, STZ (65 mg/kg)	Langendorff isolated heart, 30 min low flow global ischemia/30 min reperfusion	4 weeks	11 mmol/L glucose	Type I diabetes	Myocardial function
Ooie et al. (2003) [52]	Rat, STZ (65 mg/kg)	Langendorff isolated heart: Low-flow global ischemia for 5 min, followed by no-flow ischemia for 25 min. 30 min reperfusion	12 weeks	11 mmol/L glucose	Type I diabetes	Myocardial function, creatine kinase release
Ravingerová et al. (2003) [53]	Rat, STZ (45 mg/kg)	In vivo non recovery, 30 min regional ischemia/4 hr reperfusion	1 week	In vivo substrates	Type I diabetes	Infarction
Kristiansen et al. (2004) [54]	Goto Kakizaki Rat, male	Langendorff isolated heart, 50 min regional ischemia/2 hr reperfusion	In-bred strain	11 mmol/L glucose	Type II diabetes	Infarction
Kristiansen et al. (2004) [54]	Obese Zucker Diabetic Fatty Rat, male	Langendorff isolated heart, 50 min regional ischemia/2 hr reperfusion	In-bred strain	11 mmol/L glucose	Type II diabetes	Infarction
Tsang et al. (2005) [55]	Goto Kakizaki Rat, male	Langendorff isolated heart, 30 min regional ischemia/2 hr reperfusion	In-bred strain	11 mmol/L glucose	Type II diabetes	Infarction, kinase expression
Ma et al. (2006) [56]	Rat, STZ (50 mg/kg)	In vivo non recovery, 30 min regional ischemia/2 hr reperfusion	2 weeks	In vivo substrates	Type I diabetes	Infarction
Chu et al. (2010) [57]	Yucatan pigs, alloxan (200 mg/kg)	In vivo non recovery, 1 hr regional ischemia/2 hr reperfusion	5 weeks	In vivo substrates	Type I diabetes	Infarction and protein expression
Shi-Ting et al. (2010) [58]	Rat, STZ (60 mg/kg)	Langendorff isolated heart, 30 min regional ischemia/40 min reperfusion	4 weeks	11 mmol/L glucose	Type I diabetes	Infarction and creatine kinase release