Vitamin D Predicts All-Cause and Cardiac Mortality in Females with Suspected Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Comparison with Brain Natriuretic Peptide and High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein
Table 3
Hazard ratios for 25(OH)D, BNP, and hsCRP in univariate and multivariate analyses in both gender.
Females
Males
Univariate HR (95% CI)*
Multivariate HR (95% CI)*
Univariate HR (95% CI)*
Multivariate HR (95% CI)*
25(OH)D
All-cause mortality
0.13 (0.06–0.32)
0.16 (0.06–0.42)
0.45 (0.26–0.79)
0.70 (0.36–1.34)
Cardiac death
0.04 (0.01–0.31)
0.08 (0.01–0.59)
0.30 (0.13–0.66)
0.38 (0.14–1.06)
Sudden cardiac death
0.06 (0.01–0.46)
0.15 (0.02–1.20)
0.20 (0.07–0.60)
0.29 (0.08–1.03)
BNP
All-cause mortality
9.02 (3.84–21.19)
4.58 (1.56–13.45)
2.86 (1.60–5.09)
1.79 (0.91–3.54)
Cardiac death
12.77 (2.99–54.48)
2.64 (0.57–12.18)
6.04 (2.33–15.68)
4.22 (1.42–12.58)
Sudden cardiac death
7.22 (1.62–32.31)
1.90 (0.31–11.73)
5.87 (1.71–20.16)
4.55 (1.01–20.44)
hsCRP
All-cause mortality
2.43 (1.31–4.48)
1.60 (0.80–3.17)
2.30 (1.31–4.03)
2.10 (1.12–3.94)
Cardiac death
1.97 (0.83–4.71)
0.83 (1.02–1.11)
1.32 (0.65–2.69)
1.08 (0.47–2.48)
Sudden cardiac death
3.07 (0.98–9.65)
1.13 (0.32–4.06)
1.62 (0.66–3.95)
1.40 (0.52–3.81)
25(OH)D: 25-hydroxyvitamin D; BNP: B-type natriuretic peptide; hsCRP: high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; HR: hazard ratio; CI: confidence interval.
*Highest quartile (Q4) versus lowest quartile (Q1). 25(OH)D, BNP, and hsCRP levels are highest in Q4.
