Red Cell Distribution Width as a Novel Marker for Different Types of Atrial Fibrillation in Low and High Altitude

Table 2

Baseline characteristics in all subjects at high altitude (2260 m).

	AF ()	Control ()	χ^2/T
Male (n %)	85.00 (57.80)	46.00 (48.40)	2.055	0.152
Age (years)	68.16 ± 9.58	69.28 ± 8.99	1.359	0.363
Body mass index (kg/m^2)	25.55 ± 3.43	25.97 ± 2.64	4.467	0.290
Smoking (n %)	25.00 (17.00)	11.00 (11.60)	1.343	0.247
Diabetes mellitus (n %)	30.00 (20.40)	14.00 (14.70)	1.248	0.264
Hypertension (n %)	104.00 (70.70)	64.00 (67.40)	0.311	0.577
Previous stroke (n %)	32.00 (21.80)	15.00 (15.80)	1.318	0.251
WBC (×10^9/L)	5.63 ± 1.56	5.72 ± 1.63	0.004	0.668
RBC (×10^12/L)	4.91 ± 0.68	4.92 ± 0.57	2.798	0.824
Hb (g/L)	152.66 ± 19.07	150.98 ± 17.28	1.245	0.488
RDW (% CV)	13.83 ± 1.12	13.10 ± 0.85	5.765	0.001
HCT (%)	46.26 ± 5.64	45.82 ± 5.01	1.726	0.538
MCV (fL)	94.56 ± 4.93	92.52 ± 9.75	0.110	0.032
MCHC (g/L)	330.24 ± 9.84	330.21 ± 9.44	0.038	0.983
Plt (×10^9/L)	154.60 ± 52.49	180.98 ± 47.62	0.342	0.001
MPV (fL)	12.16 ± 1.52	11.96 ± 1.26	0.041	0.302
Cr (μmol/L)	80.15 ± 20.68	63.47 ± 14.12	10.889	0.001
UA (mmol/L)	374.16 ± 114.71	331.38 ± 83.48	7.007	0.001
TBIL (μmol/L)	18.00 ± 8.00	16.93 ± 8.09	0.115	0.316
LAD (mm)	41.58 ± 6.56	34.21 ± 4.14	15.665	0.001
LVEDD (mm)	46.23 ± 4.73	46.01 ± 3.78	4.54	0.689
IVST (mm)	10.44 ± 1.49	9.88 ± 1.30	3.288	0.004
LVPWT (mm)	10.18 ± 1.30	9.66 ± 1.17	0.306	0.002
LVEF (%)	64.70 ± 6.89	64.57 ± 5.70	3.524	0.876
Aspirin (n %)	107.00 (72.80)	59.00 (62.10)	3.058	0.080
ACEIs or ARBs (n %)	40.00 (27.20)	16.00 (16.80)	3.488	0.062
β-blocker (n %)	55.00 (37.40)	25.00 (26.30)	3.212	0.073
CCBs (n %)	49.00 (33.30)	30.00 (31.60)	0.081	0.776
Statins (n %)	65.00 (44.20)	39.00 (41.10)	0.236	0.627

AF, atrial fibrillation; BMI, body mass index; WBC, white blood cell; RBC, red blood cell; Hb, hemoglobin; RDW, red cell distribution width; HCT, hematocrit; MCV, mean corpuscular volume; MCHC, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration; Plt, platelet count; MPV, mean platelet volume; Cr, creatinine; UA, uric acid; TBIL, total bilirubin; LAD, left atrial diameter; LVEDD, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter; IVST, interventricular septal thickness; LVPWT, left ventricular posterior wall thickness; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction.