Clinical Study
Relationship between the ST-Segment Resolution and Microvascular Dysfunction in Patients Who Underwent Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Table 1
Baseline, angiographic, and procedural characteristics.
| | | All () | Incomplete STR () | Complete STR () | value |
| | Age (years) | 58.4 ± 13.3 | 58.5 ± 13.3 | 58.4 ± 13.5 | 0.972 | | Male, n (%) | 62 (84.9) | 20 (87.0) | 42 (84.0) | 0.999 | | Comorbidities, n (%) | | | | | | Current smoker | 37 | 13 (56.5) | 24 (48.0) | 0.618 | | Hypertension | 41 (56.2) | 13 (56.5) | 28 (56.0) | 0.967 | | Diabetes | 16 (21.9) | 5 (21.7) | 11 (22.0) | 0.980 | | Dyslipidemia | 10 (13.7) | 5 (21.7) | 5 (10.0) | 0.270 | | Stroke | 6 (8.2) | 1 (4.3) | 5 (10.0) | 0.658 | | Electrocardiographic data | | | | | | Infarct location, n (%) | | | | | | Anterior | 33 (54.8) | 17 (73.9) | 23 (46.0) | 0.042 | | Inferior | 28 (38.4) | 4 (17.4) | 24 (48.0) | 0.012 | | Lateral | 5 (6.8) | 2 (8.7) | 3 (6.0) | 0.672 | | Sum of ST-segment elevation (mm) | 10.3 ± 5.6 | 9.2 ± 4.2 | 11.1 ± 6.0 | 0.137 | | ST-segment resolution (%) | 63.8 ± 36.0 | 18.4 ± 22.8 | 84.7 ± 16.1 | <0.001 | | Residual sum of ST-segment elevation (mm) | 3.6 ± 3.5 | 6.6 ± 3.2 | 2.1 ± 2.6 | <0.001 | | Laboratory data | | | | | | Absolute neutrophil count (mm3) | 7,959 ± 3,797 | 8,704 ± 3,936 | 7,616 ± 3,722 | 0.259 | | Peak CK-MB (IU/L) | 191.9 ± 130.7 | 215.8 ± 129.4 | 180.8 ± 131.1 | 0.291 | | Peak troponin-I (ng/ml) | 52.0 ± 30.5 | 57.0 ± 29.1 | 49.7 ± 31.1 | 0.340 | | N-terminal pro-BNP (pg/ml) | 585.3 ± 875.4 | 677.0 ± 999.6 | 527.9 ± 805.6 | 0.611 | | hsCRP (mg/L) | 1.41 ± 2.56 | 2.0 ± 3.7 | 1.17 ± 1.92 | 0.368 | | Echocardiography finding | | | | | | Ejection fraction (%) | 51.4 ± 10.9 | 45.5 ± 7.8 | 54.2 ± 11.1 | 0.001 | | Ejection fraction <50%, n (%) | 32 (43.8) | 17 (73.9) | 15 (30.0) | 0.001 | | RWMSI | 1.32 ± 0.32 | 1.47 ± 0.35 | 1.25 ± 0.27 | 0.005 | | Angiographic data | | | | | | LAD culprit, n (%) | 33 (54.8) | 17 (73.9) | 23 (46.0) | 0.042 | | Coronary flow before PPCI, n (%) | | | | | | TIMI flow grade 0 or 1 | 54 (74.0) | 18 (78.3) | 36 (72.0) | 0.775 | | TIMI flow grade 2 or 3 | 19 (26.0) | 5 (21.7) | 14 (28.0) | 0.775 | | Coronary flow after PPCI, n (%) | | | | | | TIMI flow grade 2 | 15 (20.5) | 7 (30.4) | 8 (16.0) | 0.213 | | TIMI flow grade 3 | 58 (79.5) | 16 (69.6) | 42 (84.0) | 0.213 | | TMP grade after PPCI, n (%) | | | | | | TMP grade 1 | 2 (2.7) | 1 (4.3) | 1 (2.0) | 0.534 | | TMP grade 2 | 29 (39.7) | 11 (47.8) | 18 (36) | 0.337 | | TMP grade 3 | 42 (57.5) | 11 (47.8) | 31 (62) | 0.255 | | Index of microvascular resistance (U) | 24.3 ± 17.6 | 32.6 ± 23.5 | 20.0 ± 11.8 | 0.012 | | Procedure data | | | | | | Mean stent diameter (mm) | 3.4 ± 0.5 | 3.3 ± 0.4 | 3.5 ± 0.5 | 0.217 | | Total stent length (mm) | 21.7 ± 6.6 | 22.4 ± 7.8 | 21.3 ± 6.0 | 0.498 | | No reflow, n (%) | 3 (4.1) | 1 (4.3) | 2 (4.0) | 0.945 | | Aspiration thrombectomy, n (%) | 66 (90.4) | 21 (91.3) | 45 (90.0) | 0.999 | | Use of platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors, n (%) | 35 (47.9) | 11 (47.8) | 24 (48.0) | 0.989 |
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BNP: brain natriuretic peptide; CK-MB: creatine kinase-MB; hsCRP: high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; LAD: left anterior descending artery; MACE: major adverse cardiovascular event; PPCI: primary percutaneous coronary intervention; RWMSI: regional wall motion score index; STR: ST-segment elevation resolution; TIMI: thrombosis in myocardial infarction; TMP grade: TIMI myocardial perfusion grade.
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