Particle Swarm Optimization with Various Inertia Weight Variants for Optimal Power Flow Solution

Table 3

Limits for the different variables for IEEE 30 bus test system.

S.no.	Description	Units	Variable type	Lower limit	Upper limit
(1)	Generator bus voltage	p.u	Continuous	0.95	1.05
(2)	Load bus voltage	p.u	Continuous	0.95	1.10
(3)	Transformer taps	p.u	Discrete	0.90	1.10
(4)	Shunt capacitor	p.u	Discrete	0.0	0.05