Zipf's Law, Hierarchical Structure, and Cards-Shuffling Model for Urban Development

Table 5

The collected results of the fractals parameters and scaling exponents of the hierarchies of the USA and PRC cities.

Approach	Fractal parameter or scaling exponent
	USA’s cities in 2000			PRC’s cities in 2005
	𝐷	𝑑	𝑏	𝐷	𝑑	𝑏
Power law	0.974	1.213	0.793	1.262	1.435	0.856
Exponential law	1.010	1.278	0.790	1.220	1.425	0.856
Common ratio	0.983	1.217	0.807	1.184	1.405	0.842
Mean value	0.989	1.236	0.797	1.222	1.422	0.851