A Dynamic Multistage Hybrid Swarm Intelligence Optimization Algorithm for Function Optimization

Table 6

DM-PSO-ABC differs from other algorithms with bilateral 𝑡-testing method.

Algorithm	𝐹
	𝑓1	𝑓2	𝑓3	𝑓4	𝑓5	𝑓6	𝑓7	𝑓8
DMS-PSO	5.559 (+)	1.231 (−)	1.046 (−)	1.235 (−)	23.530 (+)	7.903 (+)	8.406 (+)	0.642 (−)
ABC	7.484 (+)	2.035 (−)	2.517 (+)	3.017 (+)	8.826 (+)	7.912 (+)	11.071 (+)	5.463 (+)
CLPSO	2.903 (+)	0.737 (−)	1.445 (−)	2.932 (+)	1.956 (−)	1.620 (−)	1.935 (−)	1.679 (−)
FIPS	4.032 (+)	1.94 (−)	1.874 (−)	4.728 (+)	3.476 (+)	6.946 (+)	4.632 (+)	3.336 (+)
	𝑓9	𝑓10	𝑓11	𝑓12	𝑓13	𝑓14	𝑓15	𝑓16
DMS-PSO	0.521 (−)	5.034 (+)	2.152 (−)	2.634 (+)	3.445 (+)	3.078 (+)	1.563 (−)	1. 643 (−)
ABC	1.624 (−)	9.525 (+)	2.845 (+)	2.967 (+)	2.907 (+)	3.864 (+)	2.086 (+)	2.069 (+)
CLPSO	3.743 (+)	4.974 (+)	2.004 (−)	1.735 (−)	1.764 (−)	1.863 (−)	1.964 (−)	1.896 (−)
FIPS	0.864 (−)	7.452 (+)	0.042 (−)	1.466 (−)	1.644 (−)	0.975 (−)	2.097 (+)	2.184 (+)