A Novel PSO Model Based on Simulating Human Social Communication Behavior

Table 3

Dimension, search space, and global optimum of the test functions.

	Test functions and formulas		𝑛	Global optimum (𝑥^∗)	𝑓(𝑥^∗)	search Space
Unrotated function	Sphere (𝑓1)	𝑓(𝑥)=∑^𝑛𝑖=1𝑥𝑖^2	30	[0,0,…,0]	0	[−100,100]^30
	Rosenbrock (𝑓2)	𝑓(𝑥)=∑^𝑛−1𝑖=1(100(𝑥𝑖^2−𝑥^2𝑖+1)^2+(𝑥𝑖−1)^2)	30	[1,1,…,1]	0	[−2.048,2.048]^30
	Ackley (𝑓3)	𝑓(𝑥)=−20⋅exp(−0.2(1/𝑛)∑^𝑛𝑖=1𝑥𝑖^2)	30	[0,0,…,0]	0	[−32.768,32.768]^30
		−exp(1/𝑛)∑cos2𝜋𝑥𝑖+20+𝑒
	Griewanks (𝑓4)	𝑓(𝑥)=∑^𝑛𝑖=1𝑥𝑖^2/4000−∏^𝑛𝑖=1cos(𝑥𝑖/√𝑖)+1	30	[0,0,…,0]	0	[−600,600]^30
	Rastrigin (𝑓5)	𝑓(𝑥)=∑^𝑛𝑖𝑥𝑖−10cos2𝜋𝑥𝑖+10	30	[0,0,…,0]	0	[−5.12,5.12]^30
	Rastrigin-noncont (𝑓6)	𝑓(𝑥)=∑^𝑛𝑖=1(𝑧𝑖^2−10cos(2𝜋𝑧𝑖)+10)	30	[0,0,…,0]	0	[−5.12,5.12]^30
Rotated function	Ackley (𝑓7)		30	[0,0,…,0]	0	[−32.768,32.768]^30
	Rastrigin (𝑓8)		30	[0,0,…,0]	0	[−5.12,5.12]^30
	Rastrigin-noncont (𝑓9)		30	[0,0,…,0]	0	[−5.12,5.12]^30
	Rosenbrock (𝑓10)		30	[0,0,…,0]	0	[−2.048,2.048]^30