Optimal Management during the Microorganism Culture Based on the Continuous Purifying Effort

Figure 3

The dynamic behavior of the effort-free equilibrium with the parameters 𝐷=0.4, 𝑆⁰=2, 𝛿=1, 𝐾_𝑠=0.5, 𝑐=3, 𝑘=0.3, and 𝑝=3. (a) Time series of the substrate concentration. (b) Time series of the microorganism concentration. (c) Time series of the effort loss. (d) Phase space trajectories of the effort-free equilibrium.

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(b)

(c)

(d)