Modeling the Joint Choice Decisions on Urban Shopping Destination and Travel-to-Shop Mode: A Comparative Study of Different Structures

Table 4

Travel related parameter and data fit measures (𝑁=975).

Attributes, dissimilarity parameter, and data fit measures	MNL		NL using nesting by shopping destination		NL using nesting by travel mode		CNL using nesting by shopping destination and travel mode
	Parameter	𝑡-stat	Parameter	𝑡-stat	Parameter	𝑡-stat	Parameter	𝑡-stat
Travel cost	−0.392	−6.42	−0.392	−6.39	−0.346	−6.60	−0.389	−6.36
Travel time	−0.0754	−9.52	−0.0755	−9.51	−0.0643	−9.81	−0.0754	−9.66
𝜇destination1	1.00	—	1.00	—	—	—	1.06	0.10
𝜇destination2	1.00	—	1.00	6.49	—	—	1.62	0.30
𝜇destination3	1.00	—	1.00	4.96	—	—	1.48	1.16
𝜇car	1.00	—	—	—	1.00	—	1.00	0.03
𝜇transit	1.00	—	—	—	2.04	7.57	1.02	0.16
𝜇walk	1.00	—	—	—	1.26	3.65	1.00	0.04
VTTS ($/min)	0.1923		0.1926		0.1858		0.1938
Final LL	−1308.608		−1308.271		−1364.445		−1307.762
Adjusted 𝜌^2	0.343		0.343		0.316		0.333
Parameters	98		100		100		122

Note. Alternative 1 is the reference category; LL: log-likelihood; VTTS: value of travel time savings.