Permanence and Periodic Solutions for a Two-Patch Impulsive Migration Periodic -Species Lotka-Volterra Competitive System

Figure 3

The extinction of the two species and of system (73). The extinction illustrated in (a) is caused by the austere survival environment of the two patches and the extinction illustrated in (b) is caused by the large loss during the migration (, , and ). Here, we take initial values and .

(a)

(b)