Assessment of Urinary Osteopontin in Association with Podocyte for Early Predication of Nephropathy in Diabetic Patients

Table 2

The levels of urinary immunoglobulin M, osteopontin, and podocyte in all studied groups (mean ± SD).

Parameters	Patients groups
	Normal control; 𝑛=20	Diabetic; (normoalbuminuria); 𝑛=20	Diabetic; (microalbuminuria); 𝑛=20	Nephrotic diseases; 𝑛=20
IgM (ng/L)
Mean ± SD	2.1 ± 0.06	3 ± 0.3	31.7 ± 2.8	26.3 ± 2.2
𝑃1 value	—	N.S	<0.001	<0.001
𝑃2 value	—	—	<0.001	N.S
Osteopontin (U/L)
Mean ± SD	120.8 ± 23	130 ± 56	312.7 ± 25.8	179.3 ± 28.2
𝑃1 value	—	N.S	<0.001	<0.01
𝑃2 value	—	—	<0.001	<0.001
Podocyte (cells/mL)
Mean ± SD	Nil	Nil	3.9 ± 0.07	2.3 ± 0.2
𝑃1 value	—	—	—	<0.001
𝑃2 value	—	—	—	<0.01

𝑛= number of cases. 𝑃₁ value: diabetic normoalbuminuria and nephritic syndrome versus control. 𝑃₂ value: diabetic microalbuminuria versus diabetic normoalbuminuria.