Disease Markers / 2015 / Article / Tab 4 / Review Article
Perspective Biological Markers for Autism Spectrum Disorders: Advantages of the Use of Receiver Operating Characteristic Curves in Evaluating Marker Sensitivity and Specificity Table 4 Inflammation markers. AUC: Area Under the Curve; ASD: Autistic Spectrum Disorder; HC: healthy controls; SD: standard deviation; and na: data not available.
Lab test Increase Decrease valuesReceiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) Diagnosis Age (Y): range (mean ± SD) Number M/F Control group Country Biologic sample Technique Reference Cut-off values Sensitivity Specificity AUC Interleukin-6 (pg/mL) 103.98 87.88% 74.19% 0.85
Autism
(12.21 ± 2.67)
27/6
HC
China
Plasma
ELISA
[36 ] Combination of serotonin and interleukin-6 250.4 84.85% 96.77% 0.96 HSP-70 (ng/mL) 0.001 12.218 95.0% 84.2% 0.987
ASD
3–16
20 male
HC
Saudi Arabia
Plasma
ELISA
[44 ] TGF-β (pg/mL) 0.001 78.649 100.0% 89.5% 1.000 Caspase-7 (ng/mL) 0.001 6.698 90.0% 89.5% 0.968 INF-γ (ng/mL) 0.001 56.558 100.0% 78.9% 1.000 Leukotriene (pg/mL) 0.001 205.689 100.0% 84.2% 1.000
Autism
4–12
20 male
HC
Saudi Arabia
Plasma
ELISA
[45 ] PGE2 (pg/mL) 0.001 247.968 100.0% 84.2% 1.000 Caspase-3 (ng/mL) <0.001 161.17 100.0% 86.7% 0.968
ASD
4–12
25 male
HC
Saudi Arabia
Plasma
na
[46 ] IL-6 (pg/mL) <0.001 301.95 84.0% 100.0% 0.952 TNFa (pg/mL) <0.001 297.67 76.0% 100.0% 0.915 Neopterin (nmol/L) <0.0001 ≥8.5 ≥84.2% 80.1% 0.876 ASD (3.69 ± 1.30) 64/16 HC China Plasma ELISA [47 ] Lipoxin A4 (pg/mL) <0.0001 81.5 90.7% 76.0% 0.911 Autistic disorders (3.69 ± 1.22) 59/16 HC China Plasma ELISA [48 ] Interferon-γ -induced protein-16 (ng/mL) 0.001 1.750 100.0% 70.0% 0.933 ASD 3–12 (7.0 ± 2.34) 52 male HC Saudi Arabia Plasma ELISA [37 ]