Research Article
Serum Levels of Progranulin Are Closely Associated with Microvascular Complication in Type 2 Diabetes
Table 1
Clinical characteristics and serum PGRN levels of study subjects.
| | | NC | SDM | Microangiopathies |
| | 12 | 29 | 55 | | Age (years) | 54.58 ± 9.56 | 58.86 ± 12.68 | 60.76 ± 8.78 | | Sex (male/female) | 7/5 | 18/11 | 32/23 | | Duration of diabetes (years) | 0 | 1.77 ± 1.00 | 9.57 ± 4.80 | | SBP (mmHg) | 112.50 ± 10.31 | 127.93 ± 14.24 | 141.67 ± 21.30 | | DBP (mmHg) | 68.33 ± 7.90 | 76.21 ± 6.64 | 81.89 ± 12.44 | | BMI (kg/m2) | 20.97 ± 1.41 | 24.26 ± 2.04 | 24.75 ± 1.84 | | WHR | 0.84 ± 0.05 | 0.88 ± 0.05 | 0.90 ± 0.05 | | HbA1c (%) | 4.93 ± 0.42 | 10.20 ± 2.05 | 9.47 ± 2.12 | | FPG (mmol/L) | 4.53 ± 0.48 | 10.47 ± 2.58 | 10.47 ± 3.03 | | Lg(FINS) (mU/L) | 1.11 ± 0.12 | 1.27 ± 0.07 | 1.19 ± 0.09 | | Lg(HOMA-IR) | 0.42 ± 0.14 | 0.93 ± 0.13 | 0.84 ± 0.14 | | TG (mmol/L) | 1.40 ± 0.28 | 3.99 ± 1.54 | 4.09 ± 1.72 | | TC (mmol/L) | 3.81 ± 0.51 | 5.21 ± 1.09 | 5.15 ± 1.20 | | HDL-c (mmol/L) | 1.22 ± 0.12 | 0.96 ± 0.12 | 0.99 ± 0.12 | | LDL-c (mmol/L) | 2.22 ± 0.25 | 3.57 ± 0.79 | 3.80 ± 1.08 | | UAER (mg/24 h) | 24.55 ± 4.86 | 25.82 ± 3.99 | 359.53 ± 174.55 | | BUN (mmol/L) | 5.17 ± 0.80 | 5.23 ± 1.17 | 8.25 ± 3.09 | | CRE (μmol/L) | 66.75 ± 5.72 | 71.48 ± 12.37 | 131.61 ± 73.33 | | eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 109.27 ± 19.46 | 102.85 ± 25.32 | 61.19 ± 28.50 | | WBC (×109/L) | 5.58 ± 0.99 | 5.82 ± 0.99 | 6.87 ± 1.61 | | IL-6 (ng/L) | 8.03 ± 2.17 | 13.73 ± 4.38 | 20.14 ± 5.97 | | TNF-α (μg/L) | 10.74 ± 1.15 | 12.57 ± 3.29 | 19.56 ± 5.39 | | PGRN (μg/L) | 45.21 ± 4.75 | 47.18 ± 4.51 | 71.54 ± 27.56 | | ACEI or ARB, (%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (6.90%) | 19 (34.55%) | | Oral antidiabetics, (%) | 0 (0%) | 27 (93.10%) | 42 (76.36%) | | Insulin, (%) | 0 (0%) | 4 (13.79%) | 32 (58.18%) |
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Data are presented as means ± SD. SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; BMI: body mass index; WHR: waist-to-hip ratio; HbA1c: hemoglobin A1c; FPG: fasting plasma glucose; FINS: fasting serum insulin; HOMA-IR: Homeostasis Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance; TG: triglyceride; TC: total cholesterol; HDL-c: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-c: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; UAER: urinary albumin excretion rate; BUN: blood urea nitrogen; CRE: creatinine; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; WBC: white blood cell; IL-6: interleukin-6; TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor alpha; PGRN: progranulin; ACEI: angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors; ARB: angiotensin receptor blocker.
NC: normal control; SDM: simple diabetes mellitus.
Compared with NC, , . Compared with SDM, , .
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