The Effect of Depression on Serum VEGF Level in Alzheimer’s Disease

Table 1

Demographic and clinical characteristics of study subjects.

Variables	AD + depression; ()	AD − depression; ()	Control; ()	Statistics
	Variables	Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD
Sex (M/F)	4/20	5/20	11/15		0.080
Age	77.00 ± 8.02	76.88 ± 5.56	74.08 ± 4.15		0.158
Hypertension (%)	14 (58.33%)	16 (64%)	9 (34.62%)		0.083
BMI	22.59 ± 2.56	21.93 ± 2.74	23.34 ± 3.04		0.200
Smoking	4 (16.67%)	2 (8%)	1 (3.85%)		0.286
SGDS-K	9.96 ± 3.58	2.50 ± 2.58	0.58 ± 0.86		0.000
MMSE-KC	15.88 ± 3.58	14.72 ± 3.71	27.77 ± 1.63		0.000
CDR	0.96 ± 0.39	1.08 ± 0.69	0 ± 0		0.452

Analysis of variance was used to determine the value compared to the control. Note. AD + depression, Alzheimer’s disease with depression; AD − depression, Alzheimer’s disease without depression; Control, normal control; SD, standard deviation; BMI, body mass index; MMSE-KC, Mini-Mental State Examination-Korean version; SGDS-K, Korean version of the Geriatric Depression Scale-Short Form; CDR, Clinical Dementia Rating scale.