Identification of Endogenous Controls for Analyzing Serum Exosomal miRNA in Patients with Hepatitis B or Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Figure 1

Identification of exosomes circulating in serum. (a) Exosome size was evaluated by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). The sample sources were healthy controls (A), CHB patients (B), and HCC patients (C). (b) Coomassie staining of serum-derived exosomal proteins, whole serum, and Huh-7 whole cell protein extracts (control). “M” represents a specific molecular marker ladder (Fermentas) from 130 kDa to 26 kDa. (c) Huh-7 whole cell extracts and exosomes were lysed with 1X RIPA buffer. The exosomal marker tetraspanin proteins CD63 and CD9 were analyzed by Western blot.

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