Soluble CD14 as a Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarker in Hematological Patients with Febrile Neutropenia

Table 1

Characteristics of the study population ().

General
Male (n, %)	55 (63%)
Age (years, median, range)	61 (18–70)
Age over 60 years (n, %)	47 (54%)
Diagnosis (n, %)
AML	23 (26%)
ASCT recipients	64 (74%)
NHL	43
MM	18
HL	3
Chemotherapy regimen (n)
BEAM	42
HD-MEL	18
IdAraC-Ida	9
IAT	7
MEA	4
Carmustine-thiotepa	3
Mito-HDAraC	2
HDAraC-Ida	1
BEAC	1
Febrile neutropenia
Duration of neutropenia (day, median, range)	7 (4–35)
Duration of fever (day, median, range)	3 (1–39)
Positive blood culture finding (n, %)	18 (21%)
Gram-negative bacteremia (n, % out of positive blood culture findings)	3 (17%)
Gram-positive bacteremia (n, % out of positive blood culture findings)	14 (78%)
Fungal finding (n, % out of positive blood culture findings)	1 (5%)
Complicated course of febrile neutropenia^1 (n, %)	20 (23%)
Severe sepsis^2 (n, %)	8 (9%)
Septic shock^3 (n, %)	3 (3%)
Fatal outcome (n, %)	3 (3%)

AML: acute myeloid leukemia; ASCT: autologous stem cell transplant; MM: multiple myeloma; NHL: non-Hodgkin lymphoma; HL: Hodgkin lymphoma; BEAC: carmustine, etoposide, cytarabine, and cyclophosphamide; BEAM: carmustine, etoposide, cytarabine, and melphalan; HD-MEL: high-dose melphalan; Mito-HDAraC: mitoxantrone and high-dose cytarabine; HDAraC-Ida: high-dose cytarabine and idarubicin; IAT: idarubicin, cytarabine, and thioguanine; MEA: mitoxantrone, etoposide, and cytarabine; IdAraC-Ida: intermediate-dose cytarabine and idarubicin. ¹Febrile neutropenia with a positive blood culture finding and/or development of severe sepsis or septic shock during the period from the onset of febrile neutropenia until the recovery of neutropenia. ²Severe sepsis was defined as subset of sepsis with sepsis-induced organ dysfunction. ³Septic shock was defined as subset of sepsis with hypoperfusion (systolic arterial pressure < 90 mmHg, a mean arterial pressure < 60 mmHg, or a reduction in systolic blood pressure of >40 mmHg from baseline) despite an adequate volume resuscitation in the absence of other causes of hypotension.