Differential Associations for Salivary Sodium, Potassium, Calcium, and Phosphate Levels with Carotid Intima Media Thickness, Heart Rate, and Arterial Stiffness
Table 2
Associations for salivary sodium and potassium with age, sex, and cardiometabolic phenotypes.
Sodium
Potassium
Regr coeff ± SE
R2
Prob Level
Regr coeff ± SE
R2
Prob level
Univariate
Age (years)
0.070 ± 0.040
1.4%
0.07
0.39 ± 0.07
11.3%
<0.0001
Women (yes)
−0.46 ± 0.85
0.1%
0.58
−1.07 ± 1.61
0.2%
0.51
PP (mmHg)
0.073 ± 0.023
4.1%
0.002
0.18 ± 0.04
7.0%
<0.0001
HR (min−1)
0.057 ± 0.037
1.0%
0.13
0.20 ± 0.07
3.5%
0.004
cIMT (mm)
10.12 ± 3.41
3.7%
0.003
29.8 ± 6.3
8.8%
<0.0001
Carotid plaque (yes)
0.385 ± 0.794
0.1%
0.63
5.12 ± 1.4
5.4%
0.0004
cfPWV (m/s)
0.247 ± 0.104
2.4%
0.02
1.01 ± 0.19
11.2%
<0.0001
Hypertension (yes)
1.245 ± 0.786
1.1%
0.11
4.72 ± 1.46
4.3%
0.001
CV disease (yes)
1.420 ± 1.215
0.6%
0.24
1.73 ± 2.31
0.2%
0.45
Diabetes (yes)
7.505 ± 4.199
1.4%
0.08
3.68 ± 6.55
0.1%
0.57
Metabolic syndrome (yes)
0.599 ± 0.783
0.2%
0.44
4.28 ± 1.46
3.6%
0.004
BMI (kg/m2)
0.213 ± 0.099
2.0%
0.03
0.55 ± 0.18
3.7%
0.003
Age adjusted
Women
−0.72 ± 0.85
0.3%
0.40
−2.36 ± 1.53
0.9%
0.12
PP (mmHg)
0.072 ± 0.028
2.7%
0.01
0.078 ± 0.05
0.9%
0.13
HR (min−1)
0.054 ± 0.037
0.9%
0.15
0.18 ± 0.07
2.9%
0.006
cIMT (mm)
9.75 ± 4.16
2.3%
0.02
15.72 ± 7.46
1.7%
0.04
Carotid plaque (yes)
−0.22 ± 0.87
0.0%
0.80
2.42 ± 1..50
1.0%
0.11
cfPWV (m/s)
0.20 ± 0.12
1.2%
0.10
0.66 ± 0.21
3.4%
0.003
Hypertension (yes)
0.81 ± 0.86
0.4%
0.35
1.93 ± 1.54
0.6%
0.21
CV disease (yes)
1.16 ± 1.22
0.4%
0.34
0.22 ± 2.20
0.0%
0.92
Diabetes (yes)
7.74 ± 4.18
1.5%
0.07
2.70 ± 6.19
0.1%
0.66
Metabolic syndrome (yes)
0.26 ± 0.81
0.1%
0.75
2.45 ± 1.44
1.1%
0.09
BMI (kg/m2)
0.21 ± 0.10
2.0%
0.03
0.54 ± 0.17
3.6%
0.002
Model 1
Age (years)
−0.0.30 ± 0.05
0.1%
0.56
0.20 ± 0.09
1.7%
0.03
PP (mmHg)
0.057 ± 0.029
1.6%
0.053
—
—
0.46
HR (min−1)
—
—
0.15
0.15 ± 0.07
1.8%
0.02
cIMT (mm)
7.26 ± 4.32
1.2%
0.09
13.26 ± 7.40
1.1%
0.07
Carotid plaque (yes)
—
—
0.17
—
—
0.41
cfPWV (m/s)
—
—
0.44
0.48 ± 0.22
1.7%
0.03
Model
5.2%
18.4%
Model 2
Age (years)
−0.030 ± 0.05
0.1%
0.56
0.20 ± 0.09
1.8%
0.02
PP (mmHg)
0.057 ± 0.029
1.6%
0.053
—
—
0.79
HR (min−1)
—
—
0.15
0.14 ± 0.06
1.7%
0.03
cIMT (mm)
7.26 ± 4.32
1.2%
0.09
14.65 ± 7.45
1.4%
0.05
Carotid plaque (yes)
—
—
0.17
—
—
0.57
cfPWV (m/s)
—
—
0.44
0.35 ± 0.21
1.0%
0.10
Hypertesion (yes)
—
—
0.65
—
—
0.54
CV disease (yes)
—
—
0.35
—
—
0.59
Diabetes (yes)
—
—
0.11
—
—
0.79
Metabolic syndrome (yes)
—
—
0.56
—
—
0.63
BMI (kg/m2)
—
—
0.2
0.41 ± 0.17
1.8%
0.02
Model
5.2%
20.8%
Regr coeff: regression coefficient; SE: standard error; prob level: probability level.
