The Pathophysiological Mechanisms and the Quest for Biomarkers in Psoriasis, a Stress-Related Skin Disease

Figure 1

Molecular mechanism in psoriasis—overview. See text for explanation. DC = dendritic cell, IFN-α = interferon-α, IFN-γ = interferon-γ, IL-8 = interleukin-8, IL-12 = interleukin-12, IL-17 = interleukin-17, IL-21 = interleukin-21, IL-22 = interleukin-22, IL-23 = interleukin 23, K = keratinocyte, LTn = naïve T lymphocyte, PMN = polymorphonuclears, Th1 = T helper 1, Th17 = T helper 17, TGF-β1 = transforming growth factor-beta 1, TNF-α = tumor necrosis factor-α, and TNF-β = tumor necrosis factor-β.