The Prevalence and Risk Factors of Paternal Depression from the Antenatal to the Postpartum Period and the Relationships between Antenatal and Postpartum Depression among Fathers in Hong Kong
Table 2
Sample characteristics and attrition analysis of expectant fathers with comparison between fathers who completed all time points and fathers who dropped out at six weeks postpartum.
Participants that dropped out at 6 weeks postpartum ()
Participant that completed all 3 time points ()
Significance level at Bonferroni correction: 0.05/5 = 0.01
Demographic risk factors
Mean
SD
Mean
SD
Age
(13)
33.95
4.94
34.88
5.61
%
%
Marital status
(2)
Married/cohabitating
146
43.32
185
53.22
,
Divorce/single
3
0.89
1
0.30
Parity
(6)
Primigravida
101
29.97
119
35.31
,
Multigravida
47
13.95
64
18.99
Education level
(1)
Secondary or below
59
17.51
73
21.66
,
Tertiary or above
90
26.71
114
33.83
Family income
(12)
<20000
21
6.23
36
10.68
,
20000–30000
30
8.90
47
13.95
>30000
93
27.60
98
29.08
Significance level with Bonferroni correction: 0.05/9 = 0.0056
Psychosocial risk factors
%
%
Planned/unplanned pregnancy
(2)
Planned pregnancy
115
34.12
161
47.77
,
Unplanned pregnancy
34
10.10
25
7.42
Baseline marital dissatisfaction
(4)
Marital distress
17
5.04
28
8.31
,
Marital satisfied
130
38.58
158
46.88
Marital dissatisfaction in late pregnancy
(13)
Marital distress
18
5.34
29
8.61
,
Marital satisfied
126
37.39
151
44.81
Mean
SD
Mean
SD
Baseline self-esteem
(14)
21.49
4.68
21.39
4.36
Self-esteem in late pregnancy
(8)
21.67
4.53
21.44
4.36
Baseline social support
(8)
64.82
13.08
62.42
14.03
,
Social support in late pregnancy
(5)
63.76
13.45
61.36
14.78
,
Baseline work-family conflict
(21)
30.52
12.02
30.24
11.47
,
Work-family conflict in late pregnancy
(25)
31.22
12.04
30.88
12.96
,
Significance level with Bonferroni correction: 0.05/13 = 0.0038