Consensus of the Present and Prospects on Endoscopic Diagnosis and Treatment in East Asian Countries

Table 3

(a) Technique to treat patients with rupture of esophageal varices (top two). (b) Technique to treat patients with gastric adenoma 2 cm in diameter (top two). (c) Technique to treat patients with bleeding from exposed vessels in gastric ulcer (top three). (d) Technique to treat patients with colonic flat adenoma 3 cm in diameter (top two).

(a)

	1	2
China	Sengstaken-Blakemore (S-B) tube	EVL
Indonesia	EVL	EIS
Japan	EVL	EIS
Korea	EVL	Sengstaken-Blakemore (S-B) tube
Philippine	EVL	EIS
Thailand	EVL	EIS

EVL: endoscopic variceal ligation, EIS: endoscopic injection sclerotherapy.

(b)

	1	2
China	EMR	Surgical operation
Indonesia	EMR	Hot biopsy
Japan	ESD	EMR
Korea	ESD	EMR
Philippine	EMR	Hot biopsy
Thailand	EMR	Surgical operation

EMR: endoscopic mucosal resection, ESD: endoscopic submucosal dissection.

(c)

	1	2	3
China	Clipping	HSE	Injection
Indonesia	HSE	Injection	Clipping
Japan	Clipping	HSE	Electrocoagulation
Korea	Clipping	Electrocoagulation	HSE
Philippine	HSE	Clipping	Injection
Thailand	Clipping	HSE	Electrocoagulation

HSE: local injection of hypertonic saline plus epinephrine therapy.
Injection: intravenous injection of proton pump inhibitor or H₂ receptor antagonist.

(d)

	1	2
China	Surgical operation	ESD
Indonesia	Surgical operation	ESD
Japan	ESD	EMR
Korea	ESD	EMR
Philippine	EMR	Hot biopsy
Thailand	EMR	Surgical operation

EMR: endoscopic mucosal resection, ESD: endoscopic submucosal dissection.