Endogenous Opiates in the Nucleus Tractus Solitarius Mediate Electroacupuncture-Induced Sleep Activities in Rats
Figure 1
The effects of low-frequency (10 Hz) stimulation by EA at Anmian (EX17) acupoints on vigilance states. The 10 Hz EA enhanced NREM sleep during post-manipulation 5–8 h during the subsequent dark period. *Represents a statistically significant difference between the values obtained from ipketamine PFS and ipPFS PFS. The shaded area represents the values of mean SEM. #Depicts a statistically significant difference between the values obtained from ipketamine PFS EA and ipketamine PFS. The black horizontal bar on the x-axis represents the dark period of the 12 : 12 h light : dark cycle. WAKE, wakefulness.
