Review Article

Traditional Japanese Kampo Medicine: Clinical Research between Modernity and Traditional Medicine—The State of Research and Methodological Suggestions for the Future

Table 2

Kampo clinical studies comparing Kampo either with no treatment or with a different Kampo formula.

Author (year)ReferenceLanguageICD 10 code (disease name)Design RandomizationBlindingGroups ( )InterventionControlKampo treatment

Seki et al. (1999)[16]JA49.0 (MRSA colonizaton infection)RCT95ENo2KNThochuekkito
Konno et al. (1997)[17]JC16.9 (gastric cancer)RCT23ENo2SKNTjuzentaihoto
Saito et al. (2006)[18]JC80 (gastroenteric cancer)RCT48ENo2KNThochuekkito
Suzuki et al. (1995)[19]JC80 (leukopenia with chemotherapy)RCT90ENo2SKNTjuzentaihoto
Higuchi et al. (2002)[20]JD37.6 (liver ciirhosis)RCT52ENo2KNTjuzentaihoto
Ushiroyama et al. (2001)[21]EE22.9 (endocrine fuction)RCT100ENo2KNTunkeito
Ushiroyama et al. (2006)[22]EE28.2 (polycystic ovary syndrome)RCT64ENo2KKunkeito
Ushiroyama et al. (2003)[23]EE28.3 (primary ovarian failure)RCT197ENo2KNTunkeito
Namiki (2007)[24]JE66.9 (obesity)RCT55ENo2SKNTbofutsushosan
Iwasaki et al. (2005)[25]EF05.1 (delirium superimposed on dementia)RCT52RNo2KNTyokukansan
Aizawa et al. (2002)[26]EF51.0 (nonorganic insomnia)RCT-cross over20RYes2KKyokukansankachinpi-hange, anchusan
Higuchi et al. (2007)[27]EG30.9 (alzheimer's disease)RCT75RNo3KNTkihito, goshajinkigan
Ikeda et al. (2002)[28]EH25.9 (senile cataract)RCT27RNo2KKKakkonto, saireito
Ikeda (2001)[29]EH25.9 (senile cataract)RCT54RNo4KNTorengedokuto, kakkonto, saireito
Abe (2002)[30]JI89.0 (lymphoedema)RCT80RNo2KNTgoshajinkigan
Yoshimoto et al. (2002)[31]JJ30.1 (allergic rhinitis due to pollen)Case Control66noNo2KKmaobushisaishinto, shoseiryuto
Mori et al. (1999)[32]JJ30.1 (allergic rhinitis due to pollen)Case Control88noNo2KKshoseiryuto, keimakakuhanto
Nishizawa et al. (2003)[33]JJ45.0 (predominantly allergic asthma)RCT139RDB2KKsaibokuto, shoseiryuto
Mizuno et al. (2001)[34]JK21.0 (reflux oesophagitis)RCT46RNo2KNTrikkunshito
Nishida (2006)[35]JK30 (dyspepsia)RCT-cross over11noNo2KKrikkunshito
Oyabu et al. (1995)[36]JK56.5 (intestinal adhesions)RCT53ENo2KNTdaikenchuto
Mori et al. (2003)[37]EK59.1 (functional diarrhoea)RCT41ENo2KNThangeshashinto
Okabayashi et al. (1998)[38]JK83.1 (obstruction of bile duct)RCT24ESB2SKNTinchinkoto
Endo et al. (2006)[39]EK91.9 (postprocedural disorder)RCT-cross over17noNo2SKKdaikenchuto
Ohno (2006)[40]JM35.0 (sicca syndrome)quasi-RCT64noNo2KKbakumondoto, rokumigan, hachimijiogan, hochuekkito
Maejima et al. (2004)[41]JM48.02 (spine deformity)RCT24RNo3KKhachimijiogan, goshajinkigan,shuchibushimatsu
Yoshikawa et al. (1997)[42]JN02.8 (childhood IgA nephropathy)RCT101ENo2KNTsaireito
Yoshikawa et al. (1998)[43]JN04.9 (nephrotic syndrome)RCT171ENo2SKNTsaireito
Oribe et al. (2006)[44]JN81.4 (postoperative discomfort for uterine prolapse)RCT19NoNo2KNThachimijiogan
Takamatsu et al. (2002)[45]JN95.8 (climacteric disorders)Case Control67NoNo2KKtokishakuyakusan, keishibukuryogan, kamishoyosan, juzentaihoto
Kawakami et al. (2003)[46]JO92.5 (feeling of lactation deficiency)RCT72RNo6KKkakkonto, juzentaihoto, kyukichoketsuin
Ushiroyama et al. (2005)[47]EO99.3 (maternity blues)RCT268ENo2KNTkyukichoketsuin
Yoshida (2000)[48]JR11 (vomiting in children)RCT34RDB2KKgoreisan and hochuekkito suppositorium
Nishizawa et al. (2000)[49]JR25.2 (cirrhosis)RCT75RNo2KKshakuyakukanzoto, goshajinkigan
Yoshikawa et al. (1997)[50]JR31 (essential microscopic hematuria)RCT68RNo3KNTkyukikyogaito, saireito
Kishida et al. (2007)[51]ER60.9 (postoperative edema and inflammation)RCT17RNo2KNTsaireito
Hasegawa et al. (2002)[52]JT45.1 (paclitaxel-induced myalgia)RCT-cross over15RNo2SKKshakuyakukanzoto
Ueda et al. (1999)[53]JZ22.8 (MRSA)RCT22RNo2KNTHochuekkito
Okawa et al. (1995)[52]JZ51.0, D70 (leucopenia with radiotherapy of malignancies)RCT126RNo2KNTninjinyoeito

J: Japanese; E: English; R: randomization; E: envelops; DB: double blind; SB: single blind; K: Kampo; SK: Standard + Kampo; S: Standard; NT: no treatment; P: placebo; ICD: International Classification of Diseases, Kampo treatment includes only formulae produced after 1986. ICD codes details http://apps.who.int/classifications/apps/icd/icd10online/, dosage of the Kampo formulae http://www.jsom.or.jp/medical/ebm/index.html.