Thujone-Rich Fraction of Thuja occidentalis Demonstrates Major Anti-Cancer Potentials: Evidences from In Vitro Studies on A375 Cells
Figure 3
(a) Effect of T. occidentalis Φ and different concentrations of TRF on viability of A375 cells as measured by MTT assay. Treatment of A375 cells with 100 and 200 μg mL–1 for 24 h resulted in ~42 and 59% cell deaths, respectively, where TOΦ had ~32% cell death. (b) Cytotoxic effect of TOΦ and different concentrations of TRF on A375 cells as determined by trypan blue exclusion method. An amount of 100 and 200 μg mL–1 concentrations of TRF showed more cytotoxic effect compared with that of TOΦ for 24 h. (c) Cells treated with TOΦ and various doses of TRF (50, 100, 200 μg mL–1) for 24 h were measured by LDH activity-based assay. The ratio of apoptotic cells increased from 23.59% at 50 μg mL–1 to 68.83% at 200 μg mL–1 for TRF, but that of necrotic cells was still negligible in the presence of 200 μg mL-1 TRF. Data are each the mean ± SD (bars) from three independent experiments. Data are means ± SD from three different measurements and were analyzed using one-way ANOVA. P < .05 compared to the control group (zero concentration). Con = control. * = P < .05, ** = P < .01.
