S. no. Plant and its origin Native Family Principal chemical compounds Anti-influenza action Reference 1 Clinacanthus siamensis Thailand Acanthaceae Trans-3-methylsulfonyl-2-propenol, trans-3-methylsulfinyl-2-propenol Significant production of anti-influenza virus IgG(1) antibody produced a higher anti-influenza virus IgA antibody level. [38 ] 2 Myrica rubra Japan Myricaceae Phenolic compounds, chlorogenic acid, Catechol, Gallic acid Anti-influenza virus activity irrespective of the hemagglutinin antigen type in the influenza virus type A (H1N1), its subtype (H3N2), and type B. [39 ] 3 Narcissus tazetta China Amaryllidaceae A fetuin-binding peptide Significantly inhibit the plaque formation by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and the cytopathic effect induced by influenza A (H1N1) virus. [40 ] 4 Prunus mume Japan Rosaceae Presence of a lectin-like molecule Strong in vitro anti-influenza activity against human influenza A viruses before viral adsorption. [41 ] 5 Cistus incanus Mediterranean Cistaceae Polymeric polyphenol components Inhibit binding of the hemagglutinin to cellular receptors thereby, a local application of the extract at the viral entry routes may be a promising approach and thus help to provide protection from influenza virus infections. [42 ] 6 Pandanus amaryllifolius Malaysia, Indonesia Pandanaceae A Lectin called Pandanin Possesses antiviral activities against influenza virus (H1N1). [43 ] 8 Sophora flavescens Korea Leguminosae Pterocarpans and flavanones Ability to inhibit neuraminidase an enzyme identified as crucial for the proliferation of the influenza virus. [44 ] 9 Aronia melanocarpa North America Rosaceae Phenolic substances anthocyanins, glycosides Antiviral activity against type A influenza virus. [45 ] 10 Schefflera heptaphylla China Araliaceae Frodin and Saponin Potent antiviral activity against respiratory syncytial virus. [46 ] 11 Bergenia ligulata Nepal Saxifragaceae Condensed Tannins Inhibits viral RNA synthesis and reduces viral peptide synthesis. [47 ] 12 Geranium sanguineum Bulgaria Geraniaceae Polyphenols Inhibition of influenza virus protein synthesis. [48 ] 13 Sambucus nigra Japan Caprifoliaceae Kaempferol, astragalin, quercetin, rutin, isoquercitrin, hyperoside Neutralize and reduce the infectivity of influenza viruses A and B. [49 ] 14 Justicia pectoralis Latin America Acanthaceae Coumarin and umbelliferone Possess anti-inflammatory and relaxant effects, and it supports recovery from influenza. [50 ] 15 Achillea millefolium N. hemisphere Asteraceae Isovaleric acid, salicylic acid, asparagin, sterols, flavonoids, bitters, tannins, and coumarins A chest rub from this extract can be effective against influenza. [51 ] 16 Astragalus Temperate region of N. hemisphere. Fabaceae Cycloastregenol Boosts the immune system thereby provides shield against the Viral infection. [52 ] 17 Agathosma betulina Western-South Africa. Rutaceae Isomenthone and diosphenol Natural antiviral that has antioxidant & antiseptic activity & helps the body get rid itself of toxins. [53 ] 19 Olea europaea Mediterranean Basin Oleaceae Phenolic compounds and oleuropein Natural antiviral; stimulates the immune system. [54 ] 20 Junipers Arctic region, tropical Africa, central America Cupressaceae
-pinene, camphene,
-pinene, sabinene, myrcene,
-phellandrene,
-terpineneIt has high Macrophage immunomodulatory efficacies. [55 ] 21 Cinnamomum verum Sri Lanka Lauraceae Cinnamaldehyde, gum, tannin, mannitol Antioxidants and radical scavenger. Prevents the entry of Virus. [56 ] 22 Scutellaria baicalensis Japan Lamiaceae 5,7,4
-trihydroxy-8-methoxyflavone (F36) from the roots Reduces the replication of influenza virus A/PR/8/34 (A/PR8) by inhibiting the fusion of the virus with endosome/lysosome membrane which occurs at early stage of viral infection cycle. [57 ] 23 Chrysanthemum indicum India, China Asteraceae
-terpineol, cis-sabinol, thujone, camphorChrysanthemum tea has many purported medicinal uses, including an aid in recovery from influenza. [58 ]
