Micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes in bone marrow cell
Better representation than in vitro cell line study
Variation among animal.
Preclinical screening
i.p. injection with DMSO as vehicle not suitable; no prior i.p. predetermination; 12,500 μmol/kg exceed the highest dose, poor statistic analysis [23].
HCA-SX did not affect the postnatal maturation, reproductive capacity.
“No observed adverse effect level” of HCA-SX higher than 1.5 mg/kg/day was determined in both parental, offspring generation and HCA-SX was not teratogenic.
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Good reference to support that HCA was none toxic effect against reproductive system.
G. cambogia powder (containing 41.2 wt% of (−)-HCA, the ratio of free to lactone form is 36.6 to 63.4) impaired spermatogenesis
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Zucker rat is not suitable in this study since it has a defect in testicular testosterone production. HCA used in this experiment contains high lactone that may contributed to it the impairment of spermatogenesis [31]
Garcinia/HCA is generally none toxic with NOAEL > 4 g HCA
Garcinia/HCA was recorded as none toxic up to 12 weeks consumption.
None of the studies recorded the use of Garcinia/HCA for more than 12 weeks.
Garcinia/HCA is generally safe to consume up to 3 months.
Continue monitoring on the consumers who take Garcinia/HCA for more than 3 months can strengthen the knowledge of long term safety assessment of Garcinia/HCA.