A Comparative Randomised Controlled Trial of the Effects of Brain Wave Vibration Training, Iyengar Yoga, and Mindfulness on Mood, Well-Being, and Salivary Cortisol
Table 1
Means (SD)* of total dass, depression, anxiety, and stress**.
Total DASS
Depression
Anxiety
Stress
Pre
Post
Pre
Post
Pre
Post
Pre
Post
BWV
14.9
9.3
5.4
2.8
2.5
1.9
7.0
4.6
(8.3)*
(8.6)
(4.1)
(3.3)
(1.6)
(2.9)
(4.4)
(3)
Iyengar
18.7
12.2
5.4
3.6
4.3
2.4
8.9
6.2
(7.6)
(6.5)
(2.7)
(2.7)
(2.6)
(1.6)
(3.7)
(4.1)
Mindfulness
13.6
10.1
2.9
2.6
2.5
3.1
7.6
4.4
(5.6)
(8.3)
(1.9)
(2.7)
(2.4)
(3.8)
(3.1)
(2.5)
Sample total
15.6
10.4
4.6
2.9
3.0
2.5
7.7
5.0
(7.4)
(7.8)
(3.3)
(2.9)
(2.3)
(2.9)
(3.8)
(3.2)
*
Standard deviations are shown in parentheses. **A lower score indicates better mood.
