Effects of Tai Chi versus Proprioception Exercise Program on Neuromuscular Function of the Ankle in Elderly People: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Table 2

Muscle strength for the 3 groups.

Variable	TC	PE	Control group	𝑃 *
JPS test (°)
Left ankle	3.0±0.48^#	3.5±0.72^△	5.03±0.95	0.026
Right ankle	3.7±1.49	4.0±1.29	6.91±0.99	0.083
PT (Nm): concentric, 30/°s
Left plantar flexion	59.16±6.71	61.4±6.09	47.76±3.69	0.138
Right plantar flexion	61.52±7.72	69.53±9.25	52.73±4.37	0.221
Left dorsiflexion	17.84±2.04	16.93±2.71	13.11±6.15	0.128
Right dorsiflexion	14.87±1.37	18.02±3.31	14.88±1.37	0.079
PT/weight (Nm/kg): concentric, 30/°s
Left plantar flexion	0.98±0.1	1.13±0.1	0.82±0.04	0.11
Right plantar flexion	1.01±0.1	1.25±0.1	0.92±0.1	0.19
Left dorsiflexion	0.31±0.04	0.31±0.05	0.22±0.03	0.197
Right dorsiflexion	0.34±0.03	0.32±0.05	0.26±0.03	0.150

Data reported as mean ± SD.
*A 2-way analysis of variance (group × time). ^#There was significant differences between TC group and control group， 𝑃=0.011. ^△There was significant differences between PE group and control group， 𝑃=0.045.
TC: tai chi; PE: proprioception exercise; PT: peak torque.