Anti-Hepatitis B Virus Effect and Possible Mechanism of Action of 3,4-O-Dicaffeoylquinic Acid In Vitro and In Vivo

Table 5

Anti-HBV activity of 3,4-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid in HepG2.2.15 cells. (After the cells were treated with the test compound for 8 days.)

Groups	Concentration (μg/mL)	CC50	HBsAg				HBeAg				cccDNA (Log) (copy/μL)
			Absorbency	Inhibition (%)	IC50	SI	Absorbency	Inhibition (%)	IC50	SI
Vehicle	—	—	1.023±0.062	—	—	—	3.213±0.109	—	—	—	5.10±0.04
Lamivudine	100	>400	0.867±0.008^∗	15.19	—	—	3.211±0.195	—	—	—	4.57±0.02 **
	50		1.045±0.060	—			3.388±0.082	—			4.65±0.04 **
	10		1.078±0.157	—			3.510±0.054	—			4.77±0.11 *
3,4-Dicaffeoylquinic acid	100	>400	0.103±0.010^∗∗	89.96	31.90	>12.54	0.610±0.060^∗∗	81.01	50.06	>7.99	5.04±0.05
	50		0.342±0.026^∗∗	66.56			2.081±0.095^∗∗	35.21			5.11±0.04
	10		0.910±0.078	11.02			2.894±0.177	9.92			5.14±0.14

Lamivudine was used as the positive control in anti-HBV assay. 0.1% DMSO was used as the vehicle control. CC₅₀ (μg/mL): value of the 50% cytotoxic concentration. Inhibition (%) = (the mean absorbency value in negative control group − the mean absorbency value in experimental group)/(the mean absorbency value in negative control group) × 100%. IC₅₀ (μg/mL): value of the 50% inhibition concentration. SI: selectivity index (CC₅₀/IC₅₀). Data are expressed as means ± SD of three independent experiments. *𝑃<0.05 and **𝑃<0.01 compared with the vehicle group.