| | (%) |
| | Age mean (standard deviation) (range) | 63.70 (14.00) (22–89) | | Gender | | | Male | 24 (38) | | Female | 40 (62) | | Living status | | | Cohabitating/married | 55 (86) | | Other (live alone) | 9 (14) | | Marital status | | | Married/partnered | 49 (77) | | Divorced/separated/other | 15 (23) | | Education | | | Primary | 3 (5) | | Secondary | 30 (47) | | College and above | 31 (48) | | Ethnicity | | | White | 58 (91) | | Black | 5 (8) | | Asian | 1 (1) | | Medication use | | | Yes | 47 (63) | | No | 17 (27) | | Mean pain intensity score at baseline | Mean (standard deviation) | | Worst pain | 7.62 (1.62) | | Average pain | 6.63 (1.93) | | Pain severity | 6.27 (1.84) | | Pain interference | 4.88 (2.75) |
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