Randomized Clinical Trial on the Use of PHYSTA Freeze-Dried Water Extract of Eurycoma longifolia for the Improvement of Quality of Life and Sexual Well-Being in Men

Table 1

Baseline comparisons on demographic and physical examination data on study participants between randomized groups of E. longifolia and placebo. Results are expressed as mean ± SD (standard deviation) unless mentioned.

Variables	E. longifolia (𝑛=54)	Placebo (𝑛=55)	𝑃 value*
Demographic characteristics
Age (years)	43.6 (6.52)	42.8 (6.73)	0.553
Educational level (𝑛, %)
Primary	4 (7.5)	0 (0.0)
Secondary	43 (81.1)	49 (89.1)	0.113^‡
Tertiary	6 (11.3)	6 (10.9)
Ethnicity (𝑛, %)
Malay	53 (98.1)	53 (96.4)	0.609^‡‡
Non-Malay	1 (1.9)	2 (3.6)
Duration of married (mean years, SD)	16.9 (8.02)	17.2 (7.27)	0.842
No. of children (median, range)	4 (0–13)	4 (0–10)	0.718**
Smoking	18 (33.3)	24 (43.6)	0.609^‡
Physical examinations
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)	118.1 (12.9)	118.9 (13.1)	0.750
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)	76.1 (8.9)	74.2 (8.6)	0.259
Height (meter)	1.65 (0.05)	1.67 (0.06)	0.171
Body weight (kg)	71.9 (10.5)	71.9 (11.1)	0.975
Waist circumference (cm)	86.0 (11.5)	85.3 (13.8)	0.757

*Independent 𝑡-test; ^‡chi-square test, ^‡‡Fisher exact test; **Mann-Whitney 𝑈 test.