Copyright © 2012 Hui Chen et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Linked References

1. S. Yusuf, F. Zhao, S. R. Mehta, S. Chrolavicius, G. Tognoni, and K. K. Fox, “Effects of clopidogrel in addition to aspirin in patients with acute coronary syndromes without ST-segment elevation,” New England Journal of Medicine, vol. 345, no. 7, pp. 494–502, 2001. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
2. P. A. Gurbel, K. P. Bliden, B. L. Hiatt, and C. M. O'Connor, “Clopidogrel for coronary stenting: response variability, drug resistance, and the effect of pretreatment platelet reactivity,” Circulation, vol. 107, no. 23, pp. 2908–2913, 2003. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
3. K. P. Bliden, J. DiChiara, U. S. Tantry, A. K. Bassi, S. K. Chaganti, and P. A. Gurbel, “Increased risk in patients with high platelet aggregation receiving chronic clopidogrel therapy undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: Is the current antiplatelet therapy adequate?” Journal of the American College of Cardiology, vol. 49, no. 6, pp. 657–666, 2007. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
4. D. R. Holmes Jr., G. J. Dehmer, S. Kaul, D. Leifer, P. T. O'Gara, and C. M. Stein, “ACCF/AHA clopidogrel clinical alert: approaches to the FDA "boxed warning": a report of the American college of cardiology foundation task force on clinical expert consensus documents and the American Heart Association,” Journal of the American College of Cardiology, vol. 56, no. 4, pp. 321–341, 2010. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed
5. J. L. Mega, S. L. Close, S. D. Wiviott et al., “Cytochrome P-450 polymorphisms and response to clopidogrel,” New England Journal of Medicine, vol. 360, no. 4, pp. 354–362, 2009. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
6. A. R. Shuldiner, J. R. O'Connell, K. P. Bliden et al., “Association of cytochrome P450 2C19 genotype with the antiplatelet effect and clinical efficacy of clopidogrel therapy,” Journal of the American Medical Association, vol. 302, no. 8, pp. 849–858, 2009. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
7. W. C. Lau, P. A. Gurbel, P. B. Watkins et al., “Contribution of hepatic cytochrome P450 3A4 metabolic activity to the phenomenon of clopidogrel resistance,” Circulation, vol. 109, no. 2, pp. 166–171, 2004. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
8. H. Chen, G. Yu, H. Sun, X. Wu, and H. Wang, “Comparison of adjunctive naoxintong versus clopidogrel in volunteers with the CYP2C19*2 gene mutation accompanied with qi deficiency and blood stasis constitution,” Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, vol. 2011, Article ID 207034, 10 pages, 2011. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed
9. C. Von Bahr, C. G. Groth, and H. Jansson, “Drug metabolism in human liver in vitro: establishment of a human liver bank,” Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, vol. 27, no. 6, pp. 711–725, 1980. View at Scopus
10. T. Omura and R. Sato, “The carbon monoxide-binding pigment of liver microsomes. l. Evidence for its hemoprotein nature,” The Journal of biological chemistry, vol. 239, pp. 2370–2378, 1964.
11. K. Chiba, K. Manabe, K. Kobayashi, Y. Takayama, M. Tani, and T. Ishizaki, “Development and preliminary application of a simple assay of S-mephenytoin 4-hydroxylase activity in human liver microsomes,” European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, vol. 44, no. 6, pp. 559–562, 1993. View at Scopus
12. D. Sibbing, T. Morath, J. Stegherr et al., “Impact of proton pump inhibitors on the antiplatelet effects of clopidogrel,” Thrombosis and Haemostasis, vol. 101, no. 4, pp. 714–719, 2009. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
13. M. Gilard, B. Arnaud, J. C. Cornily et al., “Influence of omeprazole on the antiplatelet action of clopidogrel associated with aspirin: the randomized, double-blind OCLA (Omeprazole CLopidogrel Aspirin) study,” Journal of the American College of Cardiology, vol. 51, no. 3, pp. 256–260, 2008. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
14. W. C. Lau and P. A. Gurbel, “The drug-drug interaction between proton pump inhibitors and clopidogrel,” CMAJ, vol. 180, no. 7, pp. 699–700, 2009. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed
15. M. Charlot, O. Ahlehoff, M. L. Norgaard et al., “Proton-pump inhibitors are associated with increased cardiovascular risk independent of clopidogrel use: a nationwide cohort study,” Annals of Internal Medicine, vol. 153, no. 6, pp. 378–386, 2010. View at Scopus
16. B. H. Hellum, Z. Hu, and O. G. Nilsen, “The induction of CYP1A2, CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 by six trade herbal products in cultured primary human hepatocytes,” Basic and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, vol. 100, no. 1, pp. 23–30, 2007. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
17. L. Fan, G. Wang, L. S. Wang et al., “Herbal medicine Yin Zhi Huang induces CYP3A4-mediated sulfoxidation and CYP2C19-dependent hydroxylation of omeprazole,” Acta Pharmacologica Sinica, vol. 28, no. 10, pp. 1685–1692, 2007. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
18. L. S. Wang, G. Zhou, B. Zhu et al., “St John's wort induces both cytochrome P450 3A4-catalyzed sulfoxidation and 2C19-dependent hydroxylation of omeprazole,” Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, vol. 75, no. 3, pp. 191–197, 2004. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
19. O. Q. P. Yin, B. Tomlinson, M. M. Y. Waye, A. H. L. Chow, and M. S. S. Chow, “Pharmacogenetics and herb-drug interactions: experience with Ginkgo biloba and omeprazole,” Pharmacogenetics, vol. 14, no. 12, pp. 841–850, 2004. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
20. W. C. Lau, P. Gurbel, and E. R. Bates, “St. John’s Wort enhances the platelet inhibitory effect of clopidogrel in clopidogrel resistant healthy volunteers,” Journal of the American College of Cardiology, vol. 45, supplement A, abstract 382A, 2005.
21. W. C. Lau, T. D. Welch, T. Shields, M. Rubenfire, U. S. Tantry, and P. A. Gurbel, “The effect of St. John's wort on the pharmacodynamic response of clopidogrel in hyporesponsive volunteers and patients: Increased platelet inhibition by enhancement of CYP 3A4 metabolic activity,” Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, vol. 57, no. 1, pp. 86–93, 2011. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
22. C. Chen, N. Venketasubramanian, R. N. Gan et al., “Danqi Piantang Jiaonang (DJ), a traditional Chinese medicine, in poststroke recovery,” Stroke, vol. 40, no. 3, pp. 859–863, 2009. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
23. D. K. Chen, H. Q. Zhang, and J. H. Zhang, “Intervening effect of naoxintong on anti-platelet treatment with aspirin,” Chinese Journal of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, vol. 28, no. 9, pp. 843–846, 2008. View at Scopus
24. M.-W. Huang, H. Wang, W.-J. Zhong, X.-Y. Wu, and H. Chen, “Chinese herbal medicine Naoxintong capsule combined with dual antiplatelet therapy in a rat model of coronary microembolization induced by homologous microthrombi,” Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 38–48, 2011. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
25. H. Wang, W. J. Zhong, M. W. Huang, et al., “Efficacy of dual antiplatelet therapy combined with Buchang Naoxintong Capsules following coronary microembolization induced by homologous microthrombi in rats,” Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine, vol. 17, no. 12, pp. 917–924, 2011.