Chinese Herbal Medicine Paratherapy for Parkinson's Disease: A Meta-Analysis of 19 Randomized Controlled Trials

Table 9

Adverse effects found in CHMs for PD in the 19 trials included.

	Adverse drugs reaction
	Trial	Control
Cui et al. [17]	Slight dry mouth, nausea, dizziness, tolerable, 2 cases. No significant change in BP before and after treatment (𝑃>0.05)	Nausea, spontaneous remission, 5 cases. Mild dizziness, spontaneous remission, 2 cases. No significant change in BP before and after treatment (𝑃>0.05)
Wang et al. [18]	No report	No report
Wang et al. [19]	No report	No report
Shen and yuan [20]	Nausea and vomiting, 5 cases (12.5%). Constipation, 8 cases (20%). Dry mouth, 4 cases (10%). No significant difference in blood and urine routine, liver and kidney function, and ECG before and after treatment (𝑃>0.05)	Nausea and vomiting, 11 cases (34.4%). Constipation, 13 cases (40.6%). Dry mouth, 5 cases (15.6%). No significant difference in blood and urine routine, liver and kidney function, and ECG before and after treatment (𝑃>0.05)
Luo et al. [21]	No report	No report
Zheng and Luo [22]	1/3 patients of both two groups received examinations such as blood routine, urine routine, electrocardiogram,
	and liver and kidney function tests. No abnormal changes directly related to the treatment were found.
Xie et al. [23]	The onset of symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, dizziness, headache, constipation, psychiatric symptoms, and
	on-off phenomenon is less in treatment group than in control group.
Cheng et al. [24]	Slight nausea, arrhythmia and dizziness, 2 cases. Spontaneous remission after two weeks	Nausea, constipation, 6 cases. Mild dizziness and arrhythmia, 3 cases. Spontaneous remission
Zhu et al. [25]	No report	No report
Zhao et al. [26]	No report	No report
Wan et al. [27]	Most patients tolerated the study drug well. One patient in the TCM group suffered from mild diarrhea. No other
	adverse effects were reported by patients
Yang et al. [28]	No significant changes in blood routine, urine routine, liver and kidney function and ECG before and after treatment. Mild diarrhea, 2 cases. Spontaneous remission after one day	No significant changes in blood routine, urine routine, liver and kidney function and ECG before and after treatment. Adverse reactions in 6 cases (not described in detail)
Yuan et al. [29]	Gastrointestinal side effects such as mild nausea or upper abdominal pain, 14 cases (𝑃>0.05). Mild and tolerable. No withdrawal due to adverse events. Constipation, 22 cases, relived after orally taking Maren pills or Glycerine enema. No significant changes in HR, BP, ECG, and liver and kidney function before and after treatment	Gastrointestinal side effects such as mild nausea or upper abdominal pain, 10 cases (𝑃>0.05). Mild and tolerable. No withdrawal due to adverse events. Constipation, 25 cases, relived after orally taking Maren pills or Glycerine enema. No significant changes in HR, BP, ECG, and liver and kidney function before and after treatment
Hong [30]	No report	No report
Fan et al. [31]	No report	No report
Dou and Diao [32]	Nausea, 3 cases. Salivation, 3 cases. Hypotension, 1 case. Insomnia, 4 cases. Depression, 3 cases	Nausea, 5 cases. Salivation, 5 cases. Hypotension, 6 cases. Insomnia, 12 cases. Depression, 5 cases. On-off phenomenon, 1 case
Li et al. [33]	No report	No report
Wu et al. [34]	No report	No report
Pan et al. [35]	Neither physical examination nor laboratory tests revealed any adverse changes after additional treatment in either
	group

BP: blood pressure; ECG: electrocardiography; HR: heart rate.