Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation Protects Endotoxemic Rat from Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation

Figure 6

Immunohistochemical staining with anti-NF-κB antibodies reveals significant decrease in LPS-induced NF-κB immunoreactivity evoked by interventions as of VNS, ta-VNS, and TEAS on ST36. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM (𝑛=12 per group). ^▵▵𝑃<0.01 versus the normal saline (NS) group; ^∗∗𝑃<0.01 versus LPS group (LPS); ^#𝑃<0.05 versus LPS+VNS group. Original magnification: ×400.

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