aRisk of bias for blinding was assessed only for whether participants were intended to be blind to the type of acupuncture they received (real or placebo) and whether outcome assessors were blind to the participants’ allocation. Blinding of acupuncturists regarding acupuncture treatment is not possible, nor is it possible to blind participants regarding an expectancy manipulation; therefore, these were not included in the risk of bias assessment. bIn Bertisch et al. [50], even though only placebo acupuncture was delivered for the period of interest, they were told they may receive real or placebo acupuncture and are, therefore, considered as blind to treatment allocation.