Antinociceptive Activity of Methanol Extract of Muntingia calabura Leaves and the Mechanisms of Action Involved

Table 1

Effect of MEMC on the hot plate test in mice.

Treatment	Dose (mg/kg)	Latency of discomfort(s) at respective time interval (min)
		0 min	60 min	90 min	120 min	150 min	180 min	210 min
10% DMSO		6.97±0.22	6.90±0.23	6.15±0.15	6.72±0.16	6.92±0.23	6.88±0.29	6.35±0.17
Morphine	5	5.77±0.15	17.37±1.03^a	18.25±0.74^a	16.52±1.22^a	13.67±1.43^a	11.22±1.11^a	10.48±0.58^a
MEMC	100	6.50±0.13	7.12±0.17	6.40±0.32	6.58±0.32	6.87±0.24	6.97±0.50	6.75±0.26
	250	5.68±0.14	6.93±0.16	7.50±0.48^a	7.75±0.36	7.68±0.37	7.43±0.24	7.72±0.40^a
	500	6.95±0.18	10.65±0.47^ab	10.22±0.42^ab	9.80±0.95^ab	9.48±0.38^ab	9.88±0.18^ab	9.28±0.32^a
Naloxone	5	6.38±0.27	6.43±0.41	5.98±0.46	6.10±0.21	5.93±0.68	6.13±0.58	5.67±0.54
Naloxone + MEMC	5 + 500	6.02±0.27	5.75±0.23^c	5.55±0.25^c	5.65±0.47^c	5.75±0.64^c	5.97±0.61^c	5.75±0.81^c

^aData differed significantly (𝑃<0.05) when compared against the control group.
^bData differed significantly (𝑃<0.05) when compared against the 5 mg/kg morphine-treated group.
^cData differed significantly (𝑃<0.05) when compared against the 500 mg/kg MEMC-treated group.