Effects of Extracts from Trifolium medium L. and Trifolium pratense L. on Development of Estrogen Deficiency-Induced Osteoporosis in Rats
Table 5
Effects of Trifolium medium L. (TM) and Trifolium pratense L. (TP) extracts on histomorphometric parameters of the femur in ovariectomized (OVX) rats.
Parameters
Sham- operated rats
OVX rats
Control
TM10
TM20
TP10
TP20
Estradiol
Transverse cross-section area (mm2)
Cortical bone
5.25 ± 0.08
5.13 ± 0.08
5.12 ± 0.10
5.31 ± 0.09
5.22 ± 0.06
5.28 ± 0.10
5.26 ± 0.11
Marrow cavity
2.65 ± 0.08
2.82 ± 0.05
2.82 ± 0.08
2.75 ± 0.14
2.86 ± 0.06
2.77 ± 0.07
2.55 ± 0.10
Whole diaphysis
7.90 ± 0.10
7.96 ± 0.12
7.94 ± 0.16
8.06 ± 0.15
8.08 ± 0.10
8.05 ± 0.10
7.82 ± 0.19
Transverse cross-section marrow cavity/diaphysis area ratio
0.335 ± 0.008
0.355 ± 0.003*
0.355 ± 0.006
0.339 ± 0.012
0.354 ± 0.005*
0.344 ± 0.009
0.326 ± 0.007●●
Transverse growth (μm)
Periosteal
38.68 ± 2.50
43.70 ± 2.99
40.14 ± 2.84
40.01 ± 1.98
39.65 ± 0.88
37.75 ± 2.24
38.37 ± 3.91
Endosteal
28.54 ± 2.99
33.62 ± 2.22
31.47 ± 2.45
29.70 ± 2.90
31.89 ± 1.81
29.75 ± 1.08
29.74 ± 1.67
Width of trabeculae (μm)
Epiphysis
58.76 ± 0.79
53.47 ± 1.09**
57.03 ± 0.73●
57.28 ± 0.67●
57.85 ± 1.26●
59.42 ± 1.35●●
60.53 ± 1.49●●
Metaphysis
36.04 ± 0.59
32.98 ± 0.86**
34.54 ± 1.03
35.00 ± 0.80
36.23 ± 0.70●
37.46 ± 1.35●●
38.49 ± 1.78●
The lyophilized extracts from TM or TP at doses corresponding to 10 and 20 mg/kg of isoflavone aglycones daily (TM10, TP10 and TM20, TP20, resp.), or estradiol (0.2 mg/kg daily), were administered orally to OVX rats for 4 weeks. Results are presented as the mean ± SEM (). One-way ANOVA followed by Duncan’s test or, when appropriate, Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA followed by Mann-Whitney test was used for evaluation of the significance of the results. *, **—significantly different from sham-operated control rats. ●, ●●—significantly different from OVX control rats.
