Review Article

Outcome Measures of Chinese Herbal Medicine for Coronary Heart Disease: An Overview of Systematic Reviews

Table 1

Outcome Measures of CHM for CHD in systematic reviews.

Outcome measures (number of SR)Condition
(number of SR)
CHMFirst authorNumber of RCTs/totalConclusionRisk of publication bias

                                   Primary Endpoints
Mortality (7)MI (6)Shenmai injectionZeng (2010) [7]13/13AH
Danshen preparationsWu (2008) [8]6/6BNA
Shengmai injectionGao (2008) [9]4/4ANA
Yiqi huoxue patent medicineZhang (2008) [10]9/28BNA
Herbal injection productsZhen (2007) [11]5/15AH
Herbal productsLin (2006) [12]4/8BL
Angina pectoris (1)Tongxinluo capsuleWu (2006) [13]1/18BH

AMI (6)MI (2)Yiqi huoxue patent medicineZhang (2008) [10]1/28BNA
Herbal productsLin (2006) [12]2/8AL
Angina pectoris (4)Compound salvia pelletZhang (2008) [14]1/17BH
PuerarinWang (2008) [15]1/11BH
Tongxinluo capsuleWu (2006) [13]3/18BNA
Dengzhanhua injectionCao (2005) [16]1/8ANA

Restenosis after PCI (1)CHD (1)Herbal productsRen (2008) [17]17/17AH
Recanalization (2)MI (2)Yiqi huoxue patent medicineZhang (2008) [10]7/28BNA
Herbal injection productsZhen (2007) [11]15/15ANA

                                   Secondary Endpoints (ECG)
ECG (34)CHD (4)Shuyu zaogan tabletsZhang (2011) [18]29/32AL
Kudiezi injectionZuo (2011) [19]15/16AH
Angina pectoris (30)Sodium tanshinone IIA SulfonateWang (2011) [20]17/29AH
Danhong injectionXu (2011) [21]19/19AH
Tongxinluo capsule and compound salvia pelletJia (2011) [22]65/58AL
Xuefuzhuyu DecoctionCui (2011) [23]8/10AH
Shengmai injectionZhang (2010) [24]8/13AH
Safflower InjectionWu (2010) [25]2/6BNA
Herbal productsZhuo (2010) [26]3/3ANA
Tongxinluo capsuleHao (2010) [27]18/20AL
GingkoZha (2010) [28]36/50AL
GingkoZhao (2010) [29]9/23AL
Xuefuzhuyu decoctionSong (2010) [30]3/3AH
XinkeshuChen (2010) [31]12/18AH
YiqihuoxueLong (2009) [32]25/30AH
Compound salvia pelletZhang (2009) [33]5/8AL
Compound salvia pelletZhang (2008) [14]10/17AH
Shexiang baoxin wanLin (2008) [34]20/22AL
PuerarinWang (2008) [15]6/11AH
Suxiao jiuxin wanWang (2008) [35]14/14AL
Suxiao jiuxin wanDuan (2008) [36]3/15AH
Tong xin luo CapsuleHe (2007) [37]12/17AH
Compound salvia pelletJiang (2007) [38]26/34AH
Danshen preparationsLi (2007) [39]7/13AL
Compound preparation of salvia miltiorrhizaZhang (2007) [40]30/33AH
Danshen preparationsLi (2007) [41]20/21AH
Rhodiola L.Wang (2006) [42]7/8AL
TetramethylpyrazineZhang (2006) [43]10/10AL
Tongxinluo capsuleWu (2006) [13]10/18ANA
Puerarin injectionWang (2006) [44]17/20AH
Compound salvia pelletWang (2006) [45]27/27AL
Dengzhanhua injectionCao (2005) [16]8/8ANA
Compound salvia pelletWang (2004) [46]17/17AL
Compound salvia pelletZhang (2004) [47]19/22AL

                                  Secondry Endpoints (Angina Pectoris)
Shuyu zaogan tabletsZhang (2011) [18]21/22AL
Angina pectoris (30)CHD (3)Shengmai injectionZhang (2010) [24]10/13AH
Compound salvia pelletZhang (2009) [33]8/8AL
Sodium tanshinone IIA SulfonateWang (2011) [20]29/29AH
Danhong injectionXu (2011) [21]19/19AH
Tongxinluo capsule and compound salvia pelletJia (2011) [22]65/65AL
Kudiezi injectionZuo (2011) [19]16/16AH
ShuxuetongLi (2010) [48]11/13AL
Herbal productsZhuo (2010) [26]3/3BNA
Tongxinluo capsuleHao (2010) [27]20/20AL
XinkeshuChen (2010) [31]16/18AH
Xuefuzhuyu decoctionSong (2010) [30]3/3AH
Gingko damo injectionZha (2010) [28]46/50AL
Ginkgo extractZhao (2010) [29]22/23AL
Suxiao jiuxin wanDuan (2008) [36]1/15AH
Angina pectoris (26)PuerarinWang (2008) [15]10/11AH
Suxiao jiuxin wanWang (2008) [35]14/14AL
Compound salvia pelletZhang (2008) [14]11/17AH
Compound salvia pelletJiang (2007) [38]34/34AH
Compound preparation of salvia miltiorrhizaZhang (2007) [40]32/33AH
Danshen preparationsLi (2007) [41]21/21BH
TetramethylpyrazineZhang (2006) [43]8/10AL
Rhodiola L.Wang (2006) [42]5/8AL
Tongxinluo capsuleWu (2006) [13]5/18ANA
Compound salvia pelletWang (2006) [45]27/27AL
Puerarin injectionWang (2006) [44]18/20AH
Dengzhanhua injectionCao (2005) [16]8/8ANA
Compound salvia pelletWang (2004) [46]17/17AL
Compound salvia pelletZhang (2004) [47]20/22AL
CHD after PCI (1)Herbal productsRen (2008) [17]15/17AH

                                  Secondry End points (Others)
Consumption of nitroglycerine (5)Angina pectoris (5)Herbal productsZhuo (2010) [26]2/3ANA
Suxiao jiuxin wanDuan (2008) [36]1/15AH
Rhodiola L.Wang (2006) [42]1/8AL
Puerarin injectionWang (2006) [44]6/20AH
Tongxinluo capsuleWu (2006) [13]1/18ANA

Level of blood lipids (4)Angina pectoris (3)ShuxuetongLi (2010) [48]4/13AH
Compound salvia pelletZhang (2008) [14]8/22BL
Compound salvia pelletZhang (2004) [47]4/8AL
CHD (1)Compound salvia pelletZhang (2009) [33]4/17AL

Hemorheology (2)Angina pectoris (1)Safflower InjectionWu (2010) [25]2/6ANA
CHD (1)Shengmai injectionZhang (2010) [24]5/13AH

Heart failure (3)MI (3)Yiqi huoxue patent medicineZhang (2008) [10]7/28BNA
Danshen preparationsWu (2008) [8]1/6BNA
Herbal productsLin (2006) [12]3/8AL

Arrhythmia (2)MI (2)Yiqi huoxue patent medicineZhang (2008) [10]2/28BNA
Herbal productsLin (2006) [12]2/8BL

UCG (2)MI (2)Yiqi huoxue herbal productsSong (2008) [49]3/3ANA
Herbal productsLin (2006) [12]4/8AL

Myocardial enzyme (1)Angina pectoris (1)Tongxinluo capsuleWu (2006) [13]1/18BNA

Level of plasma endothelin (2)Angina pectoris (2)Puerarin injectionWang (2006) [44]2/20AH
Tongxinluo capsuleWu (2006) [13]4/18ANA

Level of nitric oxide (1)Angina pectoris (1)Tongxinluo capsuleWu (2006) [13]2/18ANA

Heart rate variability (1)CHD (1)Compound salvia pelletZhang (2009) [33]3/8AL

TCM syndrome (1)Angina pectoris (1)Safflower InjectionWang (2006) [25]3/8AL

Notes: Yiqi huoxue: supplementing qi and activating blood circulation to patients with qi-deficiency and blood-stasis syndrome;
A: CHM may be or appears to be effective; B: The evidence is insufficient, inconclusive;
H: high; L: low; NA: not mentioned.