Antidiabetic Activity of Gnidia glauca and Dioscorea bulbifera: Potent Amylase and Glucosidase Inhibitors

Table 4

The retention time of chromatographic peak in the chromatogram of extracts of both G. glauca and D. bulbifera along with standards.

Peak no.	Retention time of plant extracts																Standard
	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	Gallic acid	Quercetin	Diosgenin
1	1.675	34.977	1.827	23.854	23.859	23.964	25.542	24.625	46.84	1.479	1.482	1.831	46.571	19.298	19.313	19.313	5.298	38.382	47.714
2	1.783	37.682	17.451	35.519	47.377	27.798	28.342	27.891	47.452	7.189	1.781	28.352	47.282	30.098	30.198	30.098	—	—	—
3	32.526	38.463	23.969	38.39	—	30.052	28.501	28.353	—	28.041	1.867	28.695	—	30.45	34.315	30.452	—	—	—
4	38.466	39.773	38.368	41.466	—	30.441	29.784	29.403	—	29.434	7.145	28.877	—	33.442	34.903	32.211	—	—	—
5	46.99	41.556	45.786	47.495	—	30.833	30.579	30.201	—	30.239	25.512	30.683	—	34.316	35.488	34.381	—	—	—
6	47.721	41.948	47.406	—	—	31.642	30.942	30.603	—	30.644	27.942	30.947	—	34.894	36.451	46.773	—	—	—
7	—	46.251	49.786	—	—	32.22	31.357	30.996	—	31.051	28.062	31.591	—	35.505	37.76	—	—	—	—
8	—	46.947	—	—	—	32.497	32.741	32.456	—	31.282	29.475	32.717	—	35.994	38.687	—	—	—	—
9	—	47.683	—	—	—	32.917	32.939	32.683	—	31.96	29.804	37.067	—	37.765	46.74	—	—	—	—
10	—	49.89	—	—	—	34.144	33.348	33.085	—	32.502	30.288	37.334	—	38.117	—	—	—	—	—
11	—	—	—	—	—	34.359	35.132	34.915	—	33.13	30.696	37.96	—	38.69	—	—	—	—	—
12	—	—	—	—	—	34.679	35.718	35.506	—	34.954	31.096	41.558	—	39.228	—	—	—	—	—
13	—	—	—	—	—	34.923	36.639	36.437	—	35.168	31.334	—	—	46.261	—	—	—	—	—
14	—	—	—	—	—	35.247	37.259	37.15	—	35.55	32.004	—	—	46.712	—	—	—	—	—
15	—	—	—	—	—	36.176	37.504	37.335	—	35.744	32.534	—	—	50.066	—	—	—	—	—
16	—	—	—	—	—	36.774	37.871	37.724	—	37.099	36.494	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
17	—	—	—	—	—	37.04	38.857	38.706	—	37.372	37.098	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
18	—	—	—	—	—	37.273	41.691	46.849	—	37.813	37.376	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
19	—	—	—	—	—	37.443	47.555	47.569	—	38.008	38.002	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
20	—	—	—	—	—	37.792	—	—	—	41.575	46.923	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
21	—	—	—	—	—	38.285	—	—	—	45.361	47.588	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
22	—	—	—	—	—	38.56	—	—	—	46.779	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
23	—	—	—	—	—	40.345	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
24	—	—	—	—	—	41.009	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
25	—	—	—	—	—	47.029	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—

Sample numbers assigned to plant extracts are D. bulbifera bulb extracts (1) petroleum ether, (2) ethyl acetate, (3) methanol, (4) 70% ethanol; G. glauca leaf extracts (5) petroleum ether, (6) ethyl acetate, (7) methanol, (8) 70% ethanol; G. glauca flower extracts (9) petroleum ether, (10) ethyl acetate, (11) methanol, (12) 70% ethanol; G. glauca stem extracts (13) petroleum ether, (14) ethyl acetate, (15) methanol, and (16) 70 % ethanol. (—) No peak.