Hemodynamic Changes in the Brachial Artery Induced by Acupuncture Stimulation on the Lower Limbs: A Single-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial

Table 2

Summary of measured hemodynamic parameters.

Parameter/test condition	Before; needle ins	During; needle stim	30 s after; needle stim	60 s after; needle stim	180 s after; needle stim
Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg)
ST36	116.1±11.0				116.2±10.2
LR3	114.7±12.7				112.1±12.3
Non-acupoint	117.5±15.5				116.0±14.0
Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg)
ST36	69.1±8.0				69.0±8.6
LR3	68.2±9.1				66.1±9.0
Non-acupoint	70.4±12.2				70.0±11.0
Heart rate (beats/min)
ST36	66.2±10.2	64.1±10.7	67.0±10.7	66.4±10.5	68.0±11.7
LR3	63.4±9.0	60.4±7.8	63.0±9.1	63.4±9.1	63.6±9.1
Non-acupoint	65.0±9.5	62.6±10.5	64.5±9.4	64.8±9.6	64.8±10.4
Cardiac index (L·min^−1·m^−2)
ST36	3.0±0.7	3.0±0.6	3.0±0.6	3.0±0.7	3.0±0.7
LR3	2.7±0.4	2.7±0.4	2.7±0.5	2.7±0.5	2.7±0.5
Non-acupoint	2.7±0.4	2.7±0.4	2.7±0.4	2.8±0.4	2.8±0.4
Systemic vascular resistance index (dyne sec/cm^5 m^2)
ST36	2390±513				2347±556
LR3	2507±429				2414±431
Non-acupoint	2602±654				2522±586
Blood flow volume in brachial artery (mL·min^−1·m^−2)
ST36	𝟓𝟓.𝟒±𝟐𝟗.𝟑^∗∗	𝟑𝟑.𝟒±𝟏𝟑.𝟏^∗∗	48.0±21.5	44.0±20.8	45.5±25.4
LR3	38.9±25.9	29.8±20.6	41.8±25.1	47.7±30.7	54.8±32.6
Non-acupoint	59.0±52.4	37.7±31.0	57.8±50.6	48.0±40.5	53.3±40.7

The values represent the mean ± SD. ∗∗Significant difference (𝑃<0.01) in the blood flow volume in the brachial artery between before needle insertion (ins) and during needle stimulation (stim) at ST36.