The Effects of Qigong on Anxiety, Depression, and Psychological Well-Being: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Table 4

Results of trials included in meta-analysis on symptoms of SCL-90 and psychological health of DSQL in subjects with chronic illnesses.

	Wang et al. 2008 [30]				Lin 2007 [32]				Zhang 2008 [31]
	Baseline		Endpoint		Baseline		Endpoint		Baseline		Endpoint
	G1 (𝑛=25)	G2 (𝑛=20)	G1 (𝑛=25)	G2 (𝑛=20)	G1 (𝑛=71)	G2 (𝑛=23)	G1 (𝑛=71)	G2 (𝑛=23)	G1 (𝑛=49)	G2 (𝑛=29)	G1 (𝑛=49)	G2 (𝑛=29)
SCL-90
Total score	131.0 (32.2)	142.3 (50.1)	121.4 (38.3)	143.4 (34.7)	139.2 (43.4)	145.1 (45.7)	126.8 (33.4)	145.1 (45.7)	50.7 (7.7)	48.6 (7.2)	51.1 (8.0)	55.0 (10.5)
Somatization	0.7 (0.5)	0.7 (0.8)	0.6 (0.6)	0.7 (0.5)	1.7 (0.7)	2.0 (0.7)	1.6 (0.5)*	2.0 (0.7)	41.3 (12.4)	40.8 (14.4)	33.6 (9.5)	39.9 (15.1)
Obsessive-compulsive	0.7 (0.4)	0.7 (0.7)	0.5 (0.5)*	0.8 (0.5)	1.9 (0.6)	1.8 (0.5)	1.7 (0.5)	1.8 (0.5)	38.9 (11.5)	36.5 (11.6)	35.9 (8.7)	38.5 (10.4)
Interpersonal sensitivity	0.4 (0.4)	0.4 (0.6)	0.3 (0.6)	0.5 (0.5)	1.5 (0.6)	1.6 (0.5)	1.4 (0.5)	1.6 (0.5)	31.7 (14.5)	29.8 (10.3)	27.6 (8.6)	30.6 (10.2)
Depression	0.5 (0.4)	0.4 (0.6)	0.4 (0.5)*	0.7 (0.5)	1.7 (0.6)	1.6 (0.6)	1.5 (0.5)	1.6 (0.6)	38.6 (12.0)	34.7 (8.2)	34.7 (7.4)	36.2 (8.7)
Anxiety	0.3 (0.4)	0.3 (0.7)	0.3 (0.4)*	0.5 (0.4)	1.4 (0.6)	1.5 (0.5)	1.4 (0.5)	1.5 (0.5)	33.0 (16.1)	29.7 (13.6)	26.2 (8.4)	30.1 (13.2)
Anger-hostility	0.6 (0.5)	0.7 (0.7)	0.3 (0.5)*	0.7 (0.6)	1.5 (0.5)	1.6 (0.7)	1.4 (0.4)	1.6 (0.7)	35.6 (10.2)	36.9 (14.7)	31.7 (7.5)	35.5 (9.9)
Phobic anxiety	0.2 (0.2)	0.5 (0.7)	0.2 (0.3)	0.4 (0.4)	1.3 (0.6)	1.4 (0.5)	1.2 (0.5)	1.4 (0.5)	29.3 (14.7)	26.8 (9.1)	25.4 (8.9)*	26.3 (7.9)
Psychotism	0.3 (0.4)	0.5 (0.6)	0.2 (0.4)	0.4 (0.5)	1.3 (0.5)	1.4 (0.3)	1.2 (0.4)	1.4 (0.3)	31.2 (13.8)	28.1 (8.7)	25.4 (9.0)	30.8 (9.9)
Paranoid ideation	0.3 (0.4)	0.4 (0.5)	0.2 (0.4)	0.4 (0.6)	1.3 (0.5)	1.4 (0.4)	1.3 (0.4)	1.4 (0.4)	31.8 (9.6)	29.1 (9.1)	30.7 (7.3)	33.0 (9.1)
DSQL
Psychological health					35.0 (19.0)	35.2 (17.2)	30.6 (15.9)*	41.6 (19.3)	32.7 (19.0)	36.4 (19.3)	26.7 (17.0)*	36.5 (21.8)

Note: Qigong group (G1); control group (G2). Outcomes were reported by mean (SD). *The difference between the scores of the two groups was significant (𝑃<0.05).